{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/z02z31pr9f/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["Dr. Michael Meyer on Why Congress Should \nRatify Panama Canal Treaty"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/038/original/university-libraries-logo-2x.png?1711560609","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Publisher"]},"value":{"en":["University of Arizona Libraries"]}},{"label":{"en":["Rights Statement"]},"value":{"en":["Copyright held by University of Arizona Libraries"]}},{"label":{"en":["Source"]},"value":{"en":["Accent: On University of Arizona, box 2, reel 17"]}},{"label":{"en":["Agent"]},"value":{"en":["Beach, Mort (interviewer)","Meyer, Michael C. (interviewee)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Date"]},"value":{"en":["1/20/1978"]}},{"label":{"en":["Coverage"]},"value":{"en":["Arizona--Tucson (spatial)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Language"]},"value":{"en":["English"]}},{"label":{"en":["Description"]},"value":{"en":["Program topics - Interview with Dr. Michael Meyer, Director University of Arizona Latin American Center, on why Congress should \u003cbr\u003eratify Panama Canal treaty."]}},{"label":{"en":["Format"]},"value":{"en":["1/4 inch audio tape"]}},{"label":{"en":["Identifier"]},"value":{"en":["MS641.062 (uid)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Relation"]},"value":{"en":["Accent: On University of Arizona (part of)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Subject"]},"value":{"en":["University of Arizona"]}},{"label":{"en":["Type"]},"value":{"en":["Interviews"]}}],"summary":{"en":["Program topics - Interview with Dr. Michael Meyer, Director University of Arizona Latin American Center, on why Congress should \u003cbr\u003eratify Panama Canal treaty."]},"requiredStatement":{"label":{"en":["Attribution"]},"value":{"en":["Copyright held by University of Arizona Libraries"]}},"provider":[{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/aboutus","type":"Agent","label":{"en":["University of Arizona Libraries"]},"homepage":[{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/","type":"Text","label":{"en":["University of Arizona Libraries"]},"format":"text/html"}],"logo":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/038/original/university-libraries-logo-2x.png?1711560609","type":"Image"}]}],"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/public/images/audio-default.png","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73826/file/159865","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 1 of 1 - azu_ms641-062_side1_a.mp3"]},"duration":437.81543,"width":640,"height":360,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/public/images/audio-default.png","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73826/file/159865/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73826/file/159865/content/1/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-arizona.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/159/865/original/azu_ms641-062_side1_a.mp3?1652808322","type":"Audio","format":"audio/mp3","duration":437.81543,"width":640,"height":360},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73826/file/159865","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73826/file/159865/transcript/37730","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["641-062 [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73826/file/159865/transcript/37730/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: This is accent on the University of Arizona. I'm Mark beech. President Carter said earlier this year that ratification of the Panama Canal treaty is needed to discourage what he called the spread of hostile ideologies in this hemisphere. The treaty would turn over the canal to Panama in the year 2000. Both liberal and conservative senators say that it's unlikely the treaty will be ratified without one or more major amendments. Meanwhile, President Carter has said that no major amendments would be acceptable. Our guest today has been appointed by the president to a bipartisan citizens commission to remote ratification of the Panama Canal treaties. Dr. Michael Myers, director of the University of Arizona's Latin American Center. Dr. buyer, do you see any room for compromise between what the senators and what the President are saying?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73826/file/159865#t=6.0,55.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73826/file/159865/transcript/37730/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: I think there is room for compromise. It seems to me that what the senators are asking for is formalization of the memorandum agreed upon by President Tony cos, and President Carter several months ago. I don't think it's necessary for that memorandum to be formalized in the treaty itself. I think the main thing is for it to be signed. And I think this is where there is room for compromise.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73826/file/159865#t=56.0,82.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73826/file/159865/transcript/37730/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: Now, the President did say in the State of the Union message that failure to ratify the treaties would play right into the hands of those hostile to the United States.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73826/file/159865#t=83.0,91.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73826/file/159865/transcript/37730/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: I think this is, for the most part a very correct assessment. The entire history of the Panama Canal has been an episode of which the United States cannot be too proud. I'm not talking about the construction of the canal itself, which was a remarkable and very admirable engineering feat. I'm referring primarily to how the United States gained control over that Canal Zone. And because it is one of the more unfortunate episodes in our past relationships with Latin America, it does serve to nurture those forces that are hostile to the United States actions throughout the world.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73826/file/159865#t=92.0,131.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73826/file/159865/transcript/37730/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: What basically, then, is the nature of the opposition in both Panama and here in the United States to ratification.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73826/file/159865#t=132.0,138.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73826/file/159865/transcript/37730/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: It's very interesting, the opposition in the United States is almost entirely conservative opposition, a number of conservative groups in this country are very strongly opposed to ratification. The opposition in Panama, on the other hand, comes entirely or almost entirely from the left from groups to think the treaty does not go far enough. So you have a rather strange situation with United States conservatives being allied with radicals and communists in Panama. Basically, what","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73826/file/159865#t=139.0,172.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73826/file/159865/transcript/37730/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: are the treaties Dr. Meyer, some people may be a little cloudy on what the wording of the treaties actually calls for.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73826/file/159865#t=173.0,178.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73826/file/159865/transcript/37730/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: There are actually two treaties. One of them provides for the gradual penalization of the canal between now in the year 2000. And the second treaty provides for the apparatus after the year 2000. It does give the United States the right to guarantee the neutrality of the canal even after the year 2000 and provides for expeditious transit of United States ships, even ships of war after the year 2000.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73826/file/159865#t=179.0,206.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73826/file/159865/transcript/37730/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: What are your main reasons for supporting ratification? Dr. Meyer? Well,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73826/file/159865#t=207.0,210.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73826/file/159865/transcript/37730/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: the the the main reason is that I think ratification is in the best interests of the United States. I think that both groups opposed and in favor of the treaty could agree that the main interest is to keep the Panama Canal open. And I think that we stand a much better chance of keeping the Panama Canal open to world traffic and certainly to our own traffic, by ratifying those treaties. There's been some speculation as to what might happen, should the treaties not be ratified? Would","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73826/file/159865#t=211.0,241.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73826/file/159865/transcript/37730/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: you care to speculate?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73826/file/159865#t=242.0,245.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73826/file/159865/transcript/37730/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: Well, I think that there there is the possibility that the the Panama Canal could be closed down through sabotage. The Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff has said that given 100,000 troops stationed in the Canal Zone, he might be able to keep that canal open. It's very hard to keep it open against a determined cyber tour.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73826/file/159865#t=246.0,271.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73826/file/159865/transcript/37730/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: Should there be any major amendments approved by Congress? Would this involve another election in Panama?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73826/file/159865#t=272.0,279.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73826/file/159865/transcript/37730/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: This is something that I think the United States should do, its best to try to avoid if the text of that treaty is altered, it's going to require another referendum in Panama. That's why I suggested at the outset, that a better mechanism for guaranteeing United States interests might be soon a memorandum is signed by both the President of the United States and general Tory calls. This would avoid the need for a separate referendum or a second referendum on the canal in Panama. How","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73826/file/159865#t=280.0,311.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73826/file/159865/transcript/37730/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: would you assess the current chances for passage of the treaties doctor?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73826/file/159865#t=312.0,315.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73826/file/159865/transcript/37730/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: The polls that I've seen indicate that at the present time, the treaties would fall short of a two thirds majority by six or seven votes. These votes possibly can be picked up even without modifications, although it looks less and less likely all the time. I think the administration is counting very strongly on Senator Howard Baker from Tennessee, supporting the canal. If he supports it, I think he'll bring along three or four other Republican votes. And President Carter would only have to pick up a couple of votes from his own party to get his two thirds majority.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73826/file/159865#t=316.0,351.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73826/file/159865/transcript/37730/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: Senator Baker and Senator Goldwater two were in Panama recently on factfinding tours will have some of their impressions. Well, I","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73826/file/159865#t=352.0,357.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73826/file/159865/transcript/37730/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: think that senate senator Baker came back with the impression that the general Toby calls is a much more reasonable man than he had supposed. They did get to talk to a number of Panamanian citizens, Panamanian government officials, and spelt spent a great deal of time with Tony cos himself. And Baker announced when he came back that general tacos is not nearly as inflexible as he had been portrayed in the press.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73826/file/159865#t=358.0,388.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73826/file/159865/transcript/37730/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: When do you see Congress possibly getting to actual debate on this matter?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73826/file/159865#t=389.0,391.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73826/file/159865/transcript/37730/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: I think that it's very likely that the debate will open up within three weeks and that a vote will be taken in the next month and a half.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73826/file/159865#t=392.0,400.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73826/file/159865/transcript/37730/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: Are you optimistic about chances for ratification?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73826/file/159865#t=401.0,402.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73826/file/159865/transcript/37730/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: I think the treaty will both treaties will be ratified.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73826/file/159865#t=403.0,405.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73826/file/159865/transcript/37730/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: I've been talking to Dr. Michael Meyer, director of the University of Arizona's Latin American Center, and a member of a bipartisan citizens commission to promote ratification of the Panama Canal treaties. This has been accent on the University of Arizona. I'm more beach","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73826/file/159865#t=406.0,408.0"}]},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73826/file/159865/transcript/37730","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["English [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73826/file/159865/transcript/37730/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"subtitling","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/037/730/original/azu_ms641-062_side1_a.vtt?1652808461","format":"text/vtt","language":"en"},"target":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/037/730/original/azu_ms641-062_side1_a.vtt?1652808461"}]}]}]}