{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/w37kp7vw1k/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["Episode 8703: Lawrence Clark Powell"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/038/original/university-libraries-logo-2x.png?1711560609","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Publisher"]},"value":{"en":["KPOL"]}},{"label":{"en":["Source"]},"value":{"en":["Eyewitness to History videocassettes, MS 685, box 1, tape 2"]}},{"label":{"en":["Agent"]},"value":{"en":["Chanin, Abraham S., 1921- (interviewer)","Powell, Lawrence Clark, 1906-2001 (interviewee)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Date"]},"value":{"en":["1987"]}},{"label":{"en":["Coverage"]},"value":{"en":["Arizona"]}},{"label":{"en":["Language"]},"value":{"en":["English"]}},{"label":{"en":["Description"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eAbraham (Abe) Chanin interviews author and librarian Lawrence Clark Powell.\u003c/p\u003e"]}},{"label":{"en":["Format"]},"value":{"en":["U-Matic"]}},{"label":{"en":["Identifier"]},"value":{"en":["MS685.002 (uid)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Relation"]},"value":{"en":["Eyewitness to History videocassettes (part of)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Type"]},"value":{"en":["Interviews"]}}],"summary":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eAbraham (Abe) Chanin interviews author and librarian Lawrence Clark Powell.\u003c/p\u003e"]},"provider":[{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/aboutus","type":"Agent","label":{"en":["University of Arizona Libraries"]},"homepage":[{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/","type":"Text","label":{"en":["University of Arizona Libraries"]},"format":"text/html"}],"logo":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/038/original/university-libraries-logo-2x.png?1711560609","type":"Image"}]}],"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/160/209/small/azu_ms685-002_a.mp4_1653497233.jpg?1653497234","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 1 of 1 - azu_ms685-002_a.mp4"]},"duration":1740.928,"width":640,"height":360,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/160/209/small/azu_ms685-002_a.mp4_1653497233.jpg?1653497234","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209/content/1/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-arizona.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/160/209/original/azu_ms685-002_a.mp4?1653497225","type":"Video","format":"video/mp4","duration":1740.928,"width":640,"height":360},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209/transcript/38290","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["MS685-002 [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209/transcript/38290/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: Welcome to eyewitness to history, your personal trip through history, a trip through history as we experienced it, and remember it. My trip through Living History. Professor age Shannon, who is a veteran of a half century of Arizona journalism will be your guide. You will visit with some of the state's most important personalities and your neighbors who are eyewitnesses to history. Today's guest is Lawrence Clark, Powell, essayist and bibliographer of the Southwest.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209#t=78.0,182.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209/transcript/38290/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: Welcome to eyewitness to history. Our guest today is Dr. Lawrence Clark Powell, who is one of the foremost saps and Bookman, not only in the southwest, but in the nation. During his long career, he has been librarian at UCLA library in residence at the University of Arizona. But he's known more for his original views. And he did a book that has become a classic and Arizona history and more opinions than just my own Arizona Bicentennial history. It's a book that is worth commenting on and because there's an originality to it. And there's also a rather salty view. And I'd like to start by reading from the book and get a feeling for what you were saying. This is from the book Arizona Bicentennial history. I am less concerned with the violence of history than with the meaning of a violent heritage. This land was taken by force and violence. And from Legends of those time came an equation of violence with manliness and an admiration for rugged individuality that persists in the attitudes of many Arizonans. Now tell us what you were saying.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209#t=183.0,262.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209/transcript/38290/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: Well, it was a revulsion I think against the cult of the OK Corral. And that everything really results in a shootout and the good guys win and the black hats go down. And the the glorification of Frontier violence of Billy the Kid type of thing Wyatt Earp in Tombstone. All of this sicken me, really, because I thought it was molding the young character in Arizona and I thought it was wrong. I wrote the book is a kind of corrective and I'm not a historian you know, they said Well, that's why we picked you. We didn't want a historian. We wanted someone with respect for history who was a writer. And I suppose I got in under that guise, but the professional historians have never really accepted the book. Because it's, it's, it's crossgrain. You know, it cuts across the grain every chance I got. I was against the idea that the army won Arizona for the country. Not true as Bert fireman, the Arizona the Phoenix historian said it was a pick and shovel that won Arizona, not the army.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209#t=263.0,334.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209/transcript/38290/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: Let's go into that a bit. Were the heroes of those days, the gunman that carry the gun, or were the heroes, the people who struggled through a very hot, dry, tough place to live.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209#t=335.0,344.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209/transcript/38290/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: That's right. The ones with endurance, the one that came and stayed and the ones that went to California and found the gold was all gone. So they came back here and they went into cattle, they went into cotton, they went into all kinds of land and agricultural things. And those were the people that I wanted to write about. A reviewer who was a former Army man really took the book to town because you didn't give credit enough for the to the army for subduing the Indians. Well, that's, that's wrong with our old man mentality.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209#t=345.0,378.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209/transcript/38290/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: Was it right, even today to continue to make heroes out of some of those figures like Billy the Kid and Wyatt Earp, and so forth?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209#t=379.0,385.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209/transcript/38290/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: No, it's wrong. It's wrong. And this, this book is my smaller caliber shot. But I'm not a big time historian, thank God. I'm just a little guy trying to write history. I had only a year to do the research and the writing of that book. And that was a tough act because the years deadline, so I worked like crazy for a year I've coached it ever since.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209#t=386.0,412.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209/transcript/38290/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: Let me read another section talking about Arizona. Arizona is greatness lies in the sum total of its geography and its peoples and their efforts from prehistoric times to come to terms with a land that makes no concession to human beings, caring not that they die of cold or heat. A little different than Arizona today.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209#t=413.0,434.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209/transcript/38290/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: Well, it's yeah, it's it's not a negative point of view. A but really isn't a negative point of view. It's positive from but from another point of view. My other point of view was not as a foreigner. I've known Arizona all my life. I came over to a member with the Occidental College baseball team here and played the Wildcats in 1927. That was when old pop McHale was coaching here was coaching and there wasn't a paved road in town.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209#t=435.0,460.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209/transcript/38290/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: Were you a heavy hitter in those days as you are with your writing today.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209#t=461.0,464.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209/transcript/38290/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: I'm so waterboy. I was team manager I was charged with bats and gloves and players. The problem getting him back after the doubleheader was getting him back across the border. United States,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209#t=465.0,479.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209/transcript/38290/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: that's always been a problem with visiting teams. And some things","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209#t=480.0,482.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209/transcript/38290/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: don't change. But so I'm not an outsider. In that sense. I knew the university 60 years ago, and I've come back repeatedly many times and 17 years ago, I came back to stay.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209#t=483.0,496.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209/transcript/38290/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: Now I want to go back to earlier days to begin with, because you write a great deal about what it was for the Indians who lived here. And for a long time. Writers who wrote about the West talk not about Indians, but they talked about the savages of this land. And you have a little different view. And I'd like to read just this piece from your book, talking about the Indians of Arizona. They live closer to the earth and more in harmony with the elements and we do and their adaption to this land of sun and sky and water. They dwelled in a state of grace, yet they were not free from violence. Nature was hostile in flood and drought. We romanticize their existence idyllic it was not there were many hazards. Food had to be hunted or cultivated. And it was never uncertain supply. Arizona's were not mere savages. They evolved their own magic and religion, practice artful Creed's crafts and created poetry. They made good medicine by ceremonials that persists to this day. Although ceremonials have been adulterated by Hispanics and Anglos with their alien religions. Now, tell me a little more about your views of the Indians that inherited inhabited this land because even today, we have the largest Indian population in the nation. How did you come to take that view?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209#t=497.0,580.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209/transcript/38290/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: I suppose it was instinct instinctive feeling for for Indians. I don't know much about anything really, you know, this is an instinctive book with a certain amount of research. But basically, these were instinctive beliefs that I had and my belief was that we've screwed up everything For Indians, they don't have a chance anymore with what we've done because we've adulterated that culture. And I think it's very difficult not a hopeless future because mankind will survive in spite of itself. And there is a future for the Indians. But let","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209#t=581.0,619.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209/transcript/38290/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: me hold right there for a moment. And we'll come right back to that thought of subject. throughout Arizona, we have many reminders of what the early Indian culture was, we have the cliff houses, we have the canals up in the castle grandi. area. What are the tell us about the early Indian civilization? Here?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209#t=620.0,688.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209/transcript/38290/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: I think it tells us that there were a lot brighter than we realize. And in many ways, they're a lot brighter than we are today. And why do you say that? Well, because they adapted. They, they lived simply because they had simple resources, they made the most of their resources, we have multiplied our artificial resources, to the extent that they're dependent now, here in southern Arizona were dependent on imported existence. And if you cut the wires and stop the pumps, and break the pipes, we'd dry up, we would have no more power, we'd have no more water, we wouldn't be able to, we were not intelligent enough to process our own food. We don't have the intelligence to cultivate this very barren land the way the Indians did. That's why they survived. They were able to do much were the little, and we aren't we want more and more and more. And it's an artificial culture that we've built up here. That's why I think it does not have a long range future. It has a limited future.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209#t=689.0,756.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209/transcript/38290/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: Did we not learn very much then from studying anthropology and archaeology,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209#t=757.0,761.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209/transcript/38290/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: we've never learned much a we've never learned much. That's our problem. If we'd learned anything, we wouldn't be going to war there wouldn't be 16 or 60 wars going on simultaneously. Mankind is basically stupid. And it's it's full of self destruction. And I take a very dim view of it. And yet I'm a very happy person. Because I've been lucky enough to fall between all these violent cracks. I was too young for the First World War too old for the second. And as a result, I've I've never experienced the kind of hardship that war brings on people. I'm a Quaker origin and very deeply opposed to violence and to combat among ourselves. There's a better way, but we haven't found it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209#t=762.0,812.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209/transcript/38290/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: Yet. You said something about the the gloomy future for Arizona. What do you see","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209#t=813.0,818.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209/transcript/38290/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: running out of water running out of power running out of petroleum, and running out of food?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209#t=819.0,826.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209/transcript/38290/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: But aren't we masters at new technology to make changes as we run out of some of the earlier technology?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209#t=827.0,834.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209/transcript/38290/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: Well, our supreme mastery of technologies in invention of the atomic bomb check carries its own destruction with it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209#t=835.0,843.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209/transcript/38290/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: Well, others would say yes, but the atom is going to bring us power and solve that problem for us.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209#t=844.0,848.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209/transcript/38290/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: We don't know we don't know if it it's a very iffy future, I would say and that's why it's so important that the superpowers come together and stop the rhetoric the anti superpower rhetoric that's ruled us for the last eight years and negotiate and get rid of these horrible things.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209#t=849.0,870.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209/transcript/38290/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: Are you we're talking about learning and not learning from the Indians. The Indians had 100 miles of canals in the Salt River Valley area down towards Castle grandi. And here we're building a huge trench all across the state from the Colorado River. Did we learn to do that from the Indians? Are we making a mistake with a central Arizona project?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209#t=871.0,887.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209/transcript/38290/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: Well, it's depends on the Colorado River. But what if the Colorado river goes dry? What if the upper basin states say we want more and cut our Southern California is feeling that pinch now, because we're taking our allotment that was granted by the 1964 Supreme Court decision, and Southern California is screaming, you see it losing that water that they're used to? Well, this could happen to us, the upper basin states could say, hey, we want more water. But we're at the end of the pipe here.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209#t=888.0,918.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209/transcript/38290/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: Now, when you sit down to write this book about Arizona, you're already very familiar with the state. You had your caustic remarks about. And yet you came back to live here. Why? Why did you choose to come back into an area that you see such negative change?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209#t=919.0,937.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209/transcript/38290/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: It's not as bad change is happening where I grew up in Southern California. It's just a lesser of the two evils. I think the congestion here is approaching that of Southern California. I was in Phoenix last Thursday, I hadn't been up in several years. But it scared me to death hitting the interstate up there at mid morning. It was like, down here at five o'clock rush. And I don't see that this is a way to go. Where do you go? Where do you go? I think at my age, we're probably, quote stuck, unquote, here. And very happy about it too, because I think it's the best we can do.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209#t=938.0,980.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209/transcript/38290/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: Is there a way to turn things back? Or have we gone too far, in your opinion,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209#t=981.0,985.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209/transcript/38290/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: I think the way is up to posterity, we've got to leave posterity something to do. And maybe they should maybe straighten us out. We haven't done very well. And we don't have much time left. I think the mankind finds a way out of these dead ends. And I'm just hoping that the kids that are growing up now, we've taught school on campus, you and I both of us, and we know what wonderful qualities young people have. And they're still there. That's the one thing I miss in retirement, it's regular contact with students with young people.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209#t=986.0,1021.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209/transcript/38290/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: So you see our future lying with young people, our young people knowledgeable enough to solve the problems do you think","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209#t=1022.0,1027.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209/transcript/38290/annotation/33","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: the best are the best or the best are much brighter than we were? And that's the whole that's the whole, the few leaders always are the ones that do it. It's not the masses, it's the people out front. And I think there are enough people coming on now that are out front, that will be leaders in politics and economics, in religion and all the fields. So I'm just a damned optimist, I guess and perennially hopeful, because I don't have to take the responsibility anymore. When you get this old, you can relinquish it. It's easy to meet a talk, isn't it? Well, we","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209#t=1028.0,1064.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209/transcript/38290/annotation/34","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: want to take a break right now and we'll be back in just a bit. Like to turn to another area in our state, the glories of Arizona where the Grand Canyon State, many natural beauties in the state. We've had people write about the beauties of the state. I'd like you to talk just a bit about I know you've traveled extensively. And I'd like you to talk a little bit about the glories that make Arizona and whether they'll be here for posterity?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209#t=1065.0,1150.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209/transcript/38290/annotation/35","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: Well, I think they will, because glorious, as I see them are chiefly non human. They're the things that survive humanity. I don't think of the urban centers. Neither of them and Tucson or Phoenix are are what you call beautiful or glorious, but the land between them. I think the state is so is wonderful in the way it's tripartite. There's the north, the center in the south, and there's everything here. You know, from the from Nogales up to Fredonia, you've got a spectrum of beauty. We love the the strip and beyond the North Rim and that wonderful Utah country. I just think landscape is is the glory the limitless landscape the day distances and the coloration. I just reviewed a big book on the desert so called dry lands review for the Los Angeles Times. And it covers the five deserts from the Great Basin through the painted through the Mojave and Sonoran that jualan. And right in the middle of that, of course, is the Painted Desert. Well, it's a toughest place to exist because there isn't any water there. There's no flowing water in it. And you can't live on rocks alone. And even the Indians have have have steered away from it. The Houthis have come the closest you know, to using it because they can live with the least. But the Grand Canyon Well, as I said, somewhere, a wise writer backs away from the Grand Canyon. It's a little scary. It's what Mark Twain said a great place to throw your used razor blades. But you know, it excites either or or ridicule and Mark Twain reacted ridiculously we put out a great gift for that, of course of belittling grantor but the mountains I did a book about the rivers of Arizona that's another story that's that's a book that stands up this Bicentennial history as the facts are good. I was never reviewed for bad facts. I was reviewed negatively sometimes for my judgments because they differed from other people's but I think back on it, I stand by every opinion and judgment in the book. They were the ones I had that and the ones I had now we mature really at 35. Don't wait. Judgments beyond that tend to be repetitious. It's very hard to arrive at New judgments in life.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209#t=1151.0,1309.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209/transcript/38290/annotation/36","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: Let me ask you this. If you're up in the Valley of the Sun, and on a Saturday, the vehicles moving north up the big freeway towards all are beautiful mountain and forest areas, it's just an endless caravan, are we going to succeed in destroying a lot of this natural beauty of the state?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209#t=1310.0,1324.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209/transcript/38290/annotation/37","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: Well, at least they're going somewhere and they don't stand still it's a moving stream. Oh, and all moving streams tend tend to reach the ocean, eventually, these streams could just go over the edge and end of the Grand Canyon, it would be a hell of a pileup. Still, I don't wish them any bad mess. But it is frightening, really, I 70 north at the end of the day I've driven in that you know when you really hang tight, but I drive a four wheel drive Scout, and it's it's battleship armored. And I thought I could hold my own traffic at it, you know, inspire a little fear and the other driver. I don't know a bit. These judgments are all personal. I don't offer them really for mass consumption. And I warn the young get over take these judgments with a grain of salt farm your own book should lead you to make your own judgments. It leads you to defer. And I think a reviewer who differs with me is more valuable to one who praises me. And so why don't you tear it up here? Tell me what you thought wrong with the book. Oh, just told me it was too short.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209#t=1325.0,1404.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209/transcript/38290/annotation/38","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: It was too short short there no question about it because we should have had more of your thoughts and fights and more history. But But the book does what many books didn't do it commented on Arizona history. And that's why I enjoyed it. So much. Just write books should do exactly. Now I want to I want to tour we just we're in in the final stages of celebrating the 75 years of history of the state of Arizona. And we have another quarter to go to have a centennial history. Before we look to the future a little bit I want to talk to you just have we really honored those people who came before us who really came in and live this land, the Indians, the pioneers of the various minority groups who came in and and settled in this area. Have we honored them enough? Have we forgotten them too much?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209#t=1405.0,1457.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209/transcript/38290/annotation/39","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: I don't think so. I think the I think the feeling of reverence we have for our pioneers is very deep and very strong. I think the schools the teaching of history here and in in southern Arizona is very forward. I've known some of the history teachers. I've known some of the administrators, Maria Arcadis. And Bill Broyles, who's teaching history at Red Pine High School. These people are solidly based in a feeling of reverence for the past. I'm hopeful You can't get me off that track a by my my hopeful guy, you know,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209#t=1458.0,1492.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209/transcript/38290/annotation/40","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: all right. And what do you see for the next quarter century?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209#t=1493.0,1495.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209/transcript/38290/annotation/41","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: Well, if I could live I could do that history. You know,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209#t=1496.0,1499.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209/transcript/38290/annotation/42","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: If you could come back and finish, then cuz I could do it","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209#t=1500.0,1502.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209/transcript/38290/annotation/43","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: in spirit writing. I don't know, I think the time will produce the answers. I'm hopeful it will the writers and the readers and we've got a great future we really have I wouldn't want to end on a negative note.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209#t=1503.0,1516.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209/transcript/38290/annotation/44","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: Well, you have and you've ended on a positive note. And we thank you very much for being on eyewitness to history. We thank you too for the great contributions made to literature, the southwest and I hope you'll all be back with us next week on eyewitness to history Thank you. Have you ever find","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209#t=1517.0,1717.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209/transcript/38290/annotation/45","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: a bit","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209#t=1718.0,1720.0"}]},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209/transcript/38290","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["English [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1978/collection_resources/74349/file/160209/transcript/38290/annotation/46","type":"Annotation","motivation":"subtitling","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/038/290/original/azu_ms685-002_a.vtt?1654113098","format":"text/vtt","language":"en"},"target":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/038/290/original/azu_ms685-002_a.vtt?1654113098"}]}]}]}