{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/vm42r3q74f/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["Charles Jackson Experiences on December 7, 1941"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/038/original/university-libraries-logo-2x.png?1711560609","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Publisher"]},"value":{"en":["University of Arizona Libraries"]}},{"label":{"en":["Rights Statement"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eCopyright held by University of Arizona Libraries\u003c/p\u003e"]}},{"label":{"en":["Source"]},"value":{"en":["USS Arizona collection, AZ 517, box 46, item 2"]}},{"label":{"en":["Agent"]},"value":{"en":["Jackson, Charles (Interviewee)","Lomonaco, Ellen (Interviewer)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Date"]},"value":{"en":["1984-03-02 (created)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Language"]},"value":{"en":["English"]}},{"label":{"en":["Description"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eOral history conducted by Ellen Lomonaco with Charles Jackson in Tucson, Arizona on February 27, 1984. Mr. Jackson was on the staff of Admiral Kimmel at Pearl Harbor at the time of the attack on Pearl Harbor, HI by Japan on December 7, 1941. He was the first person to board the captured Japanese mini-submarine and examine the communications equipment.\u003c/p\u003e (summary)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Format"]},"value":{"en":["audio cassette"]}},{"label":{"en":["Identifier"]},"value":{"en":["84-30-2 (uid)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Relation"]},"value":{"en":["USS Arizona collection (part of)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Type"]},"value":{"en":["oral history"]}}],"summary":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eOral history conducted by Ellen Lomonaco with Charles Jackson in Tucson, Arizona on February 27, 1984. Mr. Jackson was on the staff of Admiral Kimmel at Pearl Harbor at the time of the attack on Pearl Harbor, HI by Japan on December 7, 1941. He was the first person to board the captured Japanese mini-submarine and examine the communications equipment.\u003c/p\u003e"]},"requiredStatement":{"label":{"en":["Attribution"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eCopyright held by University of Arizona Libraries\u003c/p\u003e"]}},"provider":[{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/aboutus","type":"Agent","label":{"en":["University of Arizona Libraries"]},"homepage":[{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/","type":"Text","label":{"en":["University of Arizona Libraries"]},"format":"text/html"}],"logo":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/038/original/university-libraries-logo-2x.png?1711560609","type":"Image"}]}],"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/171/972/small/azu_AZ517_B33a_f8_full.JPG?1776465187","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2153/collection_resources/83646/file/171972","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 1 of 1 - azu_AZ517_box46_item02_p_(1).wav"]},"duration":2472.6037,"width":640,"height":360,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/171/972/small/azu_AZ517_B33a_f8_full.JPG?1776465187","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2153/collection_resources/83646/file/171972/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2153/collection_resources/83646/file/171972/content/1/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-arizona.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/171/972/original/azu_AZ517_box46_item02_p_%281%29.wav?1670260475","type":"Audio","format":"audio/wav","duration":2472.6037,"width":640,"height":360},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2153/collection_resources/83646/file/171972","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2153/collection_resources/83646/file/171972/transcript/40761","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["azu_AZ517_box46_item02 [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2153/collection_resources/83646/file/171972/transcript/40761/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: My name is Charles Jackson. I'm a Pearl Harbor survivor. Today's date is March the second 1984. And I'm going to give you a little bit of information on my experience at the time of the attack by the Japanese on Pearl Harbor on December the seventh 1941. At that time, I was serving in the staff of Admiral Kimmo Commander in Chief of the US Pacific Fleet. Our flagship was the Pennsylvania and at that time at the time of the attack, the flagship was in drydock, what we call 1010 dock meaning 1010 That happened to be the length of the dock 10 110 feet long. In the drydock. With us were the two destroyers USS Cassin, USS Downes, both those ships were badly damaged during the attack. On my ship, the Pennsylvania only one bomb hit, and the effect was it removed one five inch gun from the port side, but the bomb exploded belowdecks killing 27 Marines there compartment being directly below at the time of the attack. Being on the staff of the communications section for Admiral camo. We were ashore at the submarine base approximately one mile across the harbor. Therefore the communication staff were not under attack directly. We were operating the communications at the submarine base, Admiral Kimmel himself was in his quarters on Red Hill. And when the attack began, nobody really believed what it was because each the army thought the Navy's on maneuvers. The Navy thought the army is holding maneuvers. They're wondering why all these planes are flying around. But soon as the bombs began to fall, and then we noticed the red ball insignia on the sides of the planes and on the wings. We knew immediately we were under attack by the Japanese. No ship had ammunition on deck. All ammunition was stored below. Many of the ammunition compartments were locked. It took a few minutes to get them unlocked and start moving the ammunition however, some chips were returning the fire within five minutes. The attack actually started at five minutes before eight. The prep flag for raising the flag at eight o'clock had already gone up and the band was on the California ready to play colors and then the national anthem. The attack started before the band got started, however, not realizing what it was the band went into their ceremony of raising the flag and playing the national anthem and those men did stay at their posts until they complete playing of the national anthem even though they were under attack. Also, planes were coming down they were being straight torpedoes were being dropped into the water ships were exploding bombs were falling on them because of the combined attack by high level and low level bombers. The attack wave started out I think we'll about 183 planes they had left the force 200 miles north of Oahu. And that was about six o'clock in the morning. But by the time they reached our area, it was five minutes before eight and that's when everything just fell apart. planes were all over. We felt sure the attackers knew what their targets were because there seemed to be no confusion as to too many attacking anyone ship. They all went to their own places. Some attack one ships, I'm attacked another airfields were attacked, and just tremendous damage done all over. Now at the time I had just finished standing my Nightwatch is I went on duty at 11 the night before I got relieved at seven o'clock that morning. And my policy always had been go up to the barracks changed in my swimming trunks, swim a few lights, then go have breakfast and this day was the third day of my mid watch. I was going to go ashore and lay on the beach and Waikiki just enjoying the next three days off taking it easy. Ha ha ha. When the bombs began to fall, I was in the bags, pressing my clothes. And I heard the noise and all of course I did not know what it was at the time. But marine friend of mine come running on he said what's going on Jackson? Japs are attacking us. And all the while I felt they're building a new barracks behind us. And they must have been blasting even though it was Sunday. It was a hurry up type job. They wanted to get the building built. So they were working seven days a week. So really believing that the blessing was going on behind our building that they're doing the heavy duty work. I was kidding. The Marine saying oh yeah, it's Jeff's salies. He ran out on the Lanai that is the porch and look toward Pearl Harbor. And then he came back and he said, Holy Christ. He says you're right. All these planes were flying around and they were machine guns firing bombs falling ships already in flames. Then all of a sudden there was a tremendous and the Arizona had got Let's hit what had happened there. Everyone believed at first, that an armor piercing bomb went down the stack and exploded in the ammunition locker that would have turned out to be not true. The bomb that did the damage landed forward of the stack, but it did pierce the several backs it did explode in the ammunition locker. And that was the tremendous explosion. We had heard that ship immediately broke in half and began to sink. And then the black smoke for the oil was burning and I saw that black smoke for 72 hours. It just kept on burning. The unfortunate thing about it 11 102 men were killed. The entire Arizona band was wiped out and just the night before on Saturday. Well, I believe the Arizona band was declared the battleship Fleet Band of the year they will","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2153/collection_resources/83646/file/171972#t=3.0,349.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2153/collection_resources/83646/file/171972/transcript/40761/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: be we have a picture of that band taken December 6. I see that was candidate wouldn't candidate","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2153/collection_resources/83646/file/171972#t=350.0,356.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2153/collection_resources/83646/file/171972/transcript/40761/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: they were over at block arena is where the competition was. At that time. We all felt Hey, there was good as Benny Goodman Glanville, anybody else it was a tremendous battle of bands that they had. And I believe the Arizona deep was declared a champion now I'm sure that members on our ships on all California one that or Pennsylvania one, but I feel the Arizona did. The ironic thing about it was every member of the band was wiped out. Nearly all of those men were ammunition handlers. Therefore, they were belowdecks handling ammunition for the Arizona to try to fire its guns, that when that ship blew up, they were among all of those that were killed today, some 41 years or more later and all of those men are still aboard. That is their grave. They never attempted to remove the man and to bury them individually and never tried to salvage any bodies to identify them at all it was decided rather quickly. Those men deserve that ship as the grave so they are still in now the Arizona rests on the bottom Pearl Harbor nestled among roughly 27 feet of mud as you go aboard the new present day Memorial you might look down into the waters you can see the outline of the Arizona and aircraft picture that is made you will see the entire ship outline you will see a little bit of the superstructure most of it has been removed in fact all of it except a little bit that sticks out of the water you will also see drops of oil still filtering up from the ship now what might be left I don't know but that is a reminder that this ship is still has a capacity for oil or whatever and it's coming up and it's just an unfortunate thing that they're never ever going to remove the ship tried to do anything with the bodies it's there separate","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2153/collection_resources/83646/file/171972#t=357.0,463.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2153/collection_resources/83646/file/171972/transcript/40761/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: weren't there to salvage operations where the divers were were the air hoses were cut on the know right after the the bombing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2153/collection_resources/83646/file/171972#t=464.0,476.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2153/collection_resources/83646/file/171972/transcript/40761/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: Oh no, no, they didn't try to do any salvaging immediately after one there were too busy too many ships are going","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2153/collection_resources/83646/file/171972#t=477.0,482.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2153/collection_resources/83646/file/171972/transcript/40761/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: out sometime. I don't know within the next year, or","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2153/collection_resources/83646/file/171972#t=483.0,486.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2153/collection_resources/83646/file/171972/transcript/40761/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: well that's well salvage began within a few days because even though all eight battleships were in effect wiped out either sinking on the bottom or like the Pennsylvania end of drydock No way could they get underway the Nevada did get underway, but then it was immediately pounced upon by the attacking plane because their idea was hey that's great that that ship get out and the channel will sink in the channel then nothing will get out. We have a total of 96 ships of different kinds in destroyers escorts carriers cruisers, no no no no carriers, cruisers, battleships and all oil tankers and other observers but none got out of the channel even though the hours I mean, the Nevada started. They were given orders to beach themselves before they got into the channel. And that's what they did. They ran aground purposely just beyond hospital point. And therefore they didn't but meanwhile they suffered great damage by a die bombers. They were copied again and going out the channel. But the thing is, they didn't block the channel. Because Sunday afternoon when Halsey is fleet came back, they were returning from delivering a load of planes and Midway. They sailed into the harbor, they saw tremendous damage, they immediately sailed around Ford Island and back out again and steamed in West to southwest direction to try to find the enemy. Everybody had thought or the general opinion was that attacking fleet came from the southwest. So all of the forces that we had even planes that were able to get off to try to find them centered in that direction. No one had thought of going north or northwest because as soon as the ships were launched by Japan a few hours before the attack, they immediately turned around and headed back towards Japan. And for cheetah, the man who led the attack gathered up the remaining planes that were in the vicinity and he had direction finding on his plane so that other planes had to follow him and he got back to the attacking force which is now headed away and when he immediately reported to Admiral Nagumo he said we must go back for another strike because the damage is almost complete. We may as well complete the job there we had very little if any opposition, they shot down a few of our planes, those which got into the air, Japan herself lost 29 planes in the harbor, I saw a number of those go down in flames. They also lost a few that did not make it back to the carriers because they ran out of fuel. They just stayed too long in the area and they just couldn't make it and those who did, they were heard saying cya or whatever they say and they weren't rescued, none of them, nobody to rescue and we're not going to help them we have no job for not interested at all they had to get out of there because they have done their job they supply was really complete. They were hoping for a complete surprise, but they really didn't expect it but they did. And when for Judah sent the signal which was picked up by Admiral Yamamoto many 1000s of miles away. He's Tora, Tora, Tora. Let's see attack signal. And the surprise was complete. But they also heard that signal all the way back to Japan. So the headquarters at Japan did hear that at the same time. Everybody was happy, because it surprised was complete no opposition. Now we had had warning that they were coming, but we didn't recognize it. In one instance, two army privates were on the northern island of kawaii at a radar station. It was for practice and experience gaining only the radar was on they had picked up the attacking fleet 130 miles away. They didn't know it was in attacking faith, all they could see on the screen was a lot of airplanes. So when they called down to Fort Shafter, to find out about it to report what they're citing the man on duty donnez said, Well, don't sweat it because we're getting about 15 or 20, a B, seven teams from the states and they're probably coming in from the north, they may have gone too far north and now coming in. So those soldiers even though they track those planes all the way into a distance of 22 miles from Oahu, they have over an hour of warning, meaning they picked them up over an hour earlier, that would have been a lot of time for us to have our guns ready have planes in the air, we could have met them, we could have really damage them. We also could have gone out and attack their carriers because even though they're only 200 miles away, we would have done a lot of damage to them. It didn't happen. So the radar was finally shot down. The reason they only tracked them no closer than 22 Miles was the mountains were now interfering with the radar signal. And we could not detect anything closer than 22 miles at the time. So the men shut down the equipment and were being prepared to go down off the mountain for their breakfast. On the way down, they met other trucks with men coming up because the attack had already started. And they were going back to man their gun positions up in the hills. So as for myself, pressing my clothes, I have the foresight to pull out the plug of the iron. I went down to the armory and drew out a gun. And I intended to go up on the roof of one of the buildings to fire the planes. But my chief petty officer found in a hurry and he says get yourself down to transmitter room you've got work to do. I says chief I just came off duty. He said yes. But you're going right back on. And I was there for three days, I never got back to the barracks and all that time. And sandwiches were brought to the men on last because we did not know if or when the Japs would come back again. And we have to be ready. So every man was on his post. And the chaplain would come around and hand out oranges and apples and cigarettes. And we just couldn't leave our posts. So it was a very busy day. In fact, a very busy three days, so I got back to the barracks again. And then we of course did not get ashore for two weeks, three weeks. And that's how it was. So that was the attack itself.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2153/collection_resources/83646/file/171972#t=487.0,823.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2153/collection_resources/83646/file/171972/transcript/40761/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: How long did the attack actually last","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2153/collection_resources/83646/file/171972#t=824.0,824.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2153/collection_resources/83646/file/171972/transcript/40761/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: less than two hours. It was all over about 945. And the planes were gone. That and all at that time when all of our ships were songs that were going to be sung, I saw the Shah go up, which was a tremendous explosion. And you would think no ship could survive such an explosion. But the bow had blown off. That's where the ammunition was. And within two weeks, that ship had a false bow put on the front and it went back to the States under its own power to be completely rehabbed on its own and get back into the Pacific to fight again. The castles and downs while in the drydock was flooded because we didn't want to have the whole drydock destroyed and not be able to use it at all because that became very important in salvaging our own ships. They back the Pennsylvania out cleared away they towed out the castle and downs and then they prepared and they we began almost immediately taking our damage ships and they're trying to fix them up. Every one of them went down or settled on the bottom. There was a lot of damage to West Virginia, for instance, took eight torpedo hits. And everybody was calling my name my god that's a hole at least 30 by 40 feet you can drive a truck straight through that ship and never touch it. The hole was so big but it was wonderful all the way The men carried out their duties. They knew what their job was and the salvage of the small patrol boats picking up men out of the water. The oil of the leaking ships was about a foot thick inside Pearl Harbor oil floats on water, but the oil was burning, not the entire area. But at least around the ship's men were diving into the flames and they would swim under the oil to come out to get away from it. But the Japanese were scraping those men who were in the burning oil and those men trying to get away here. We had small boats trying to rescue our people. And the Japanese were scraping them to just because they were the enemy and they want to kill everybody they could. Of course, we had a lot of people who were very mad at them and on the cast McDonald's for instance, they had no ammunition on board at all. When you go into drydock for a major overhaul, you normally unload all that stuff. So the men were out on deck throwing potatoes. Of course they could do nothing with it. But that was their frustration. They were so angry that they wanted to do something so they were throwing potatoes didn't hurt anybody.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2153/collection_resources/83646/file/171972#t=825.0,956.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2153/collection_resources/83646/file/171972/transcript/40761/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: How long did it take to get all the chips back in.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2153/collection_resources/83646/file/171972#t=957.0,960.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2153/collection_resources/83646/file/171972/transcript/40761/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: Within a year every one of them was back in the fleet again. And even while of course except for the Arizona and Oklahoma the Oklahoma rolled over. Immediately after their attack it had received many torpedo hits and some of them were saved from that ship because when the ship rolled over of the air that was locked inside those men who were toward the will say the sides of the ship underneath were able to hammer on the sides and make a noise I'm on the salvage crew on there. They're going around and I have heard various compartments of somebody there with a quick got acetylene torches and cut a hole with and they did say maybe 20 men all together that several 100 died in there to the albala capsized that was a wooden ship that was tied up outboard from the Helena and the torpedo. At first everybody was thinking the torpedo went through the Oglala because it was a wooden ship and exploded and how long but the depth was set so that it went under the Ogallala and exploded in the cruiser","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2153/collection_resources/83646/file/171972#t=961.0,1016.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2153/collection_resources/83646/file/171972/transcript/40761/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: why was it a wooden ship","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2153/collection_resources/83646/file/171972#t=1017.0,1018.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2153/collection_resources/83646/file/171972/transcript/40761/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: it was a very old ship just happen to be constructed a wooden instead of metal armor meaning it didn't have to have Army Guard it was only an auxiliary type ship. Bass force meaning tugboats and things like that they're all wood also and therefore the flagship of that tumbles didn't have to be anything special. It was not a man of war actually, it was a auxilary type ship.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2153/collection_resources/83646/file/171972#t=1019.0,1041.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2153/collection_resources/83646/file/171972/transcript/40761/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: Can you tell me now about the the midget","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2153/collection_resources/83646/file/171972#t=1042.0,1044.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2153/collection_resources/83646/file/171972/transcript/40761/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: submarines. That's a story that there's very little known about it except because evidently nobody took the trouble to find out about it while the Lord mentions it in his book that yes, we were attacked by midget submarines. And that is true. Five midget submarines left Japan on the 19th of November. He each one was strapped to the back of what we call a mother so the mother sobs were fleet type 360 feet long and midgets were 80 feet long and six feet in diameter. They were mounted on wooden platforms and a large metal band was wrapped around them and connected to a lever which was operated from inside the mother sub so they were carried piggyback. When they left Japan they traveled on their own defied mother sobs with the midgets onboard and a small escort well out in front of them. And the idea being with that cargo load on there, they couldn't travel as fast as they would if they didn't have it so they were on their own, so to speak. During the daytime they were always traveling submerged. And at nighttime, they would come up to recharge their batteries on the mother sobs and then they could sail on the surface. And their job was to be outside the entrance of Pearl Harbor on the sixth of December on the night of the sixth. And roughly at will say 6pm. On the sixth. The midgets and their mother Saudis were anchored, not anchored. They were stationed off the entrance of Pearl Harbor roughly 100 miles out. They slowly approached and by early evening, they were within 10 miles of the entrance to the harbor. They had no designated position but they took positions outside the entrance facing toward the harbor. Because at 11 o'clock that night, they were launched and by launching that means the mother sub merely opened the ballasts and began sinking and somebody threw the lever inside the mother side which released the clamp. So the midgets and the midgets were on their own. They were all powered by 600 horsepower electrical motors, by the batteries that were inside the subs. The batteries were too big to be entered in there through the half so they built the submarine around it. Therefore, it was a one way mission in that there was no way to recharge the batteries. You couldn't take them out and put in new ones when they were expended. They couldn't travel on their own. They had to be launched near their target. Their range was roughly 100 miles and that's all or a matter of so many hours under low power. So their job was to get inside the harbor. They're settled to the bottom somewhere and when the bombing began, the next morning they were to rise to the surface, fire their torpedoes and then try to get out of the harbor as As they were launched on the night of the sixth, the mother sub steamed who's 10 miles west of the island of Lanai. That was their rendezvous point, they were to stay there for two whole days, giving their mid subs a chance to get out and find her way over there. As it turned out, several other subs were sunk. The morning of the seventh they were discovered by the USS Condor who was on patrol around the entrance. We had a restricted area outside the harbor, if anything, any submarine whether it was ours or any other country was found in there, it was to be considered a hostile setup. Of course, our own submarines knew that then under no circumstances were they going to be in those waters below the surface. So when the condor saw this Periscope about 430 or so that morning, it sounded the alarm and it called the USS wired or to search and find it and see what happened. The word couldn't find it sonar couldn't pick it up. Roughly at six o'clock. It surfaced again, or at least one sub did out of the five. The Condor saw it again and call it a word and the word was now alerted. They did see it, they fired on it, and they were able to say they thought they destroyed it at least they sent a message into the admiral command of the Pearl Harbor to say they have fired upon a submarine in the restricted area. And what happened there when the message was received. They immediately said authenticate. That's it, make sure the message is correct. And are you sure you fire that a submarine which was fairly stupid because well, that's my opinion, because it could have been a whale. We've killed a lot of whales thinking they were submarines, but at this time, the word Skipper commander Outerbridge said yes, I know what I'm talking about. I saw Periscope. So, so then, I guess, great flurry was going on what to do about this here we have something that presumable am enemy submarine. And what happens now? Well, we found out within two hours when the bombs began in the fall, which by that time, it was too late.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2153/collection_resources/83646/file/171972#t=1045.0,1317.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2153/collection_resources/83646/file/171972/transcript/40761/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: Nobody thought just look around and see if there was anything else any other ships or planes around but","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2153/collection_resources/83646/file/171972#t=1318.0,1323.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2153/collection_resources/83646/file/171972/transcript/40761/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: no planes were available yet to this is roughly six they were just being launched 200 miles north. So the new attacking plan but the midgets were on their posts like they should have been. And their job was to get into the harbor Well, in the case of four of the five to possibly three or something immediately outside because they were picked up on sonar and then from that the ships were able to sail to that vicinity drop that charges so a number of ships have claimed the sinking emitted well there were only five myths we captured one one was sunk in the harbor so that leaves three to be disposed of outside and the four or five ships claim sinking one off somebody is not telling the truth. So one submarine actually didn't get in the harbor one is definitely known to have gotten in because it was sunk inside for additional protection outside the Monaghan was given the job to go out to assist the petroleum craft outside so they're steaming from their anchor point inside Pearl Harbor to go out the channel and on the way out the one midget that got in raised to the surface and it saw the the Curtis an aircraft tender we had coming in their direction so it fired one of its two torpedoes at it. It missed and exploded on the beach. Just at that minute the periscope swung around and it saw the USS Ward bearing down on it so it fired the second part Ito at it and that also missed and ran up on the beach and exploded against an old crane and blew that up. Meanwhile, the word got the signal from the signal tower and they are saying there is a submarine within Pearl Harbor and me suck so the word reason right away this is an enemy sub so the first shell with fired went over the conning tower. The second shell went through the conning tower and by that time they were upon it. The Monahan ran the sub broke it in half and as it passed over, it rolled off depth charges, it almost blew itself up because of the depth charges were set to explode immediately. Naturally, that submarine was completely demoralized and it sank to the bottom but the ward continued. They went out on the harbor and joined a patrolling out there. The one submarine we captured eventually and it's Skipper was Ensign Kazu Sakamaki had a faulty gyro compass. He knew that before he was launched, but he told the commanding officer of his mother Saab, that he had been training too long and too hard. He was not going to abort the mission. He's going to do his best to carry out his job. So when he was launched, he immediately had trouble. He began sinking because the ballast was not distributed properly and he began a steep dive and it took a lot of quick action and a lot of work from the enlisted man to shift the ballast underneath with Sakamaki working the controls. They leveled a submarine at about 150 foot down. They slowly surfaced and brought it up but his steering was no good for underwater the gyro compass was out of order and it would not do anything to help him appear underneath. So at the time he was launched, he took a last look at the entrance of Pearl Harbor to try to keep that in his mind to say, I know where it is, and I'm going to steer my submarine in that direction. He of course had to go below the surface. It turns out that even the mechanical compass that he had was falling, because after a few minutes, he decided to come up and take a look to see where he was. And to his horror, he found he was heading out to sea 90 degrees from the harbor at all and no way. Good he aim for the harbor. So he quickly brought it around, and he went below the surface again and began zigzagging a little bit to offset any saw that may be on him, but he came up again. And then he saw two destroyers patrolling right across the entrance. They were going back and forth, crossing each other. So he said, Well, I have to get through them. So then his son was able to do 20 knots, which is roughly 22 to 24 miles per hour, which is rather fast for submarines, so he thought he'll make a run for it. So he's on the surface, and he quickly steams directly toward the harbor, but the USS Ward, patrolling saw him and immediately launched some depth charges. While they none of them stuck to his submarine. But they landed close enough that they damage him because soon they began firing, he immediately dived in a submarine heading in the direction of the entrance. And he was knocked unconscious momentarily from the close explosion. But then when he came to, he brought it up to periscope depth, and he looked and he saw that he had penetrated the screen, meaning the destroyers were now out to sea. And he had a clear shot to get into the harbor that the steering is so bad, he ran aground on the right hand entrance, he was able to back off by using full power, and then when he took another stab at it, and the mechanism was still so bad that he ran aground on the left side. But he hits so hard, his bow came out of the water, the destroyers out there saw him, and they began firing at him again. So all they could do was go to the bow of the ship and pick up those lead weights and carry them back toward the stern because he could not back it off by using the engines and that's what they did. They had the time to remove enough ballast from the front to tilt the submarine which then slid off the reef and I hit the bottom of the harbor outside, which is well over 100 feet in depth. But what happened there, it damaged the propellers. The mechanism to fire with torpedoes was damaged. So the enlisted man asked, What are we going to do? And he said, Well, we're going to get into the harbor and we're going around the Pennsylvania he wanted to sink the flag ship that was his orders. He never made it because by that time the batteries were leaking. The fresh air was gone. They're in a state of stupor already they've been by that time was also it was in the afternoon of the seventh. So they've been fighting for 1516 hours and not getting anywhere and when they they have no access models or oxygen, so the error was really bad. Both the men passed out and they had no recollection then until they got awake the next morning off, Kenny always will have a sudden aim was finally impeached. And they abandoned it. They couldn't move it anymore. The power was completely gone. They lit a fuse to blow it up and they jumped overboard. The Innocent Man never made it but they officer was captured on the beach and he became America's number one first prisoner in Iraq","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2153/collection_resources/83646/file/171972#t=1324.0,1697.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2153/collection_resources/83646/file/171972/transcript/40761/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: into their house and then woke up on their own. They woke up later","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2153/collection_resources/83646/file/171972#t=1698.0,1700.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2153/collection_resources/83646/file/171972/transcript/40761/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: and they open the haps This is now 430 in the morning or the eighth and he saw an outline of the island which was so long ago he did not know he had drifted 50 miles around the end without as Diamond Head or a category he thought he had drifted toward where the other central way so he was real happy. He said we'll find them other subs or something and we'll go there and we'll be able to fight again. That's why they just at the time they opened the hatch and discovered that they're going to try to find them other southern states he called for power and there was only enough surge power to start the ends and then they failed immunity because the batteries were the target a huge role and picked up the submarine and ineffective positive on a reef that was perhaps near to low tide and had no power at all. No way was he going to move that suddenly off the reappears now I'm not quite 300 yards off shore it's beginning to get like Tesla they decided they have to abandon it and they strict orders were under no circumstances are these muted submarines been captured. They are a secret weapon that was built strictly against the Geneva Convention thus far the kinds of some kinds of ships","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2153/collection_resources/83646/file/171972#t=1701.0,1766.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2153/collection_resources/83646/file/171972/transcript/40761/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: and that's why they never acknowledged that they existed.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2153/collection_resources/83646/file/171972#t=1767.0,1771.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2153/collection_resources/83646/file/171972/transcript/40761/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: So they left a few weeks ago that they have 300 pounds of high exposures fastened between the batteries near the motor the rotor blower up here that the fuse that he didn't realize that the water on the bottom of the deck was there and then the fuse was going all the way back to the power it got into the water and burned itself out so it never did explode. Or that somebody needs to remove the electronics equipment. By that time we had fasten the cable toilet and we were able to report within the 50 yards of shore, we couldn't budget any more than that. So we anchored it to some palm trees and, and when the solids party went out, I was the first man to go abroad, I had to swim out there, open the hatch and and my job was to remove electricity, which I finally did, and brought it back to the submarine base so we could study it. And I had to repair it, there was something wrong with it. And then we put it on the air and we could hear Japanese signals. But then we didn't know how far they went or anything else. So it's just a matter of capturing some of their equipment and then operating it to find out that there's a fleet, we didn't know that at least we had a piece of equipment there as it was working. So we started it. And we eventually sent it back to the Naval Research Lab in Washington. And I saw it another year or so later when I went there as a study to become an engineer in electronics. And I saw that same radio. But it has since been demolished. We didn't learn much from because we had more sophisticated sophisticated equipment at home and so it was dismantled. So one of the frightening experiences during the attack was to see those airplanes coming over and then directly above you, I still think they use the submarine base as a point of aim, because for Ron was roughly one mile away from us and look up and see those Bombay's open and all those bombs falling out trajectory of success when the planes are flying for some base. Even though they were there, the bombs were taking the Ark down to land on the ships at Pearl Harbor, that was a frightening experience, they were only 2000 feet in the air and not all the way here they come. They didn't bond with the Sobeys. They never once attacked the sun base or the four submarines we had. They didn't do that. But that was not in their plans. They really didn't. Their idea was to sink the feet or damage it so badly that it would be held up for at least six months to give them time to capture the HMDs take over the oilfield while some opera, Java and so forth, get the oil and the other raw materials they needed because on their own, they have nothing, they have to import almost 100% of that kind of material following our effort. And on their own, all they had was enough for a roughly one year of operation. If they didn't get the plenty supplies, they would have anything to work with. Now y'all murder the officer in charge the admiral in charge of the entire operation, he was a fleet admiral in charge when he got the role that they're going to attack. And he was very reluctant because he had served in Washington, DC and other places. And he knew the potential of our company for rebuilding and helping out. And he said, if I'm allowed to attack, I will run wild for the first six months to a year. But after that I have absolutely no competence in beating the United States who really did not want to go to war with the United States, who didn't have much to say because the owners already in control general total total was the Prime Minister then and plus a couple of other jobs. And I like assuming was without the sector fleet and I'll keep them over there and let us get the materials we need. So","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2153/collection_resources/83646/file/171972#t=1772.0,1987.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2153/collection_resources/83646/file/171972/transcript/40761/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: beyond that to the consequences.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2153/collection_resources/83646/file/171972#t=1988.0,1989.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2153/collection_resources/83646/file/171972/transcript/40761/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: There were I don't think that far. Now another thing that's been discovered that when the Japanese make up their minds to do something, it's one track mind, if anything happens to the store that have fallen off the track, they're confused, they don't know what to do. So there were a number of surprises later on the wall and they just didn't know how to handle it because they were not prepared for that they think everything out very thoroughly and if everything could go the way they want it perfectly no problem whatsoever. They had a model of Pearl Harbor and all ships and everything else that they studied. The airmen knew everything by heart, they know exactly where all the hangers were in fact, on Hickam Field, they have five hangers or two headed airplanes and those two hangers were blown up. They knew that the other three have nothing in it by the way stones and ammunition so they blew up those two, they also strength the masala because it was that time of the morning when the men were going to be there. They just wanted to kill as many as they could.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2153/collection_resources/83646/file/171972#t=1990.0,2043.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2153/collection_resources/83646/file/171972/transcript/40761/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: So you told me the other day that you know grouping the major spy was I'm sorry.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2153/collection_resources/83646/file/171972#t=2044.0,2051.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2153/collection_resources/83646/file/171972/transcript/40761/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: That is named but But what his position was that he was attached","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2153/collection_resources/83646/file/171972#t=2052.0,2054.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2153/collection_resources/83646/file/171972/transcript/40761/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: to for harbor and partnership, this as a shift stored. That's it like somebody would carry ice water or tap balloons or whatever. I remember a job that you actually was at a time command or at least some fairly good ranking officer, a highly trained intelligence expert. He was assigned to the embassy there in Japan and his primary duty he was a lone operator. He didn't work with anybody. This job though, was to get as much information about the ships in the harbor their movements, and the times that were coming in and going out and weather tied up and all and send that back to Japan to be put into their WarGames and decide how we're going to do this and everything. He did an excellent job,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2153/collection_resources/83646/file/171972#t=2055.0,2093.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2153/collection_resources/83646/file/171972/transcript/40761/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: essentially embassy in Japan.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2153/collection_resources/83646/file/171972#t=2094.0,2096.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2153/collection_resources/83646/file/171972/transcript/40761/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: He was on the staff and no no no, no, I'm sorry, not in Japan. On the staff at the embassy in Honolulu, the operator out there but he was alone, meaning he did the work himself. His favorite retreat was a little Japanese restaurant in the hills in, in the heights of Ohio. That's a little time on the edge of Pearl Harbor. And the vantage point from there is he could look down over the entire harbor. And from his observations with the binoculars and the notes he was making. He knew exactly what ship was tied up at what period what both and everything else. And by studying them over the weeks and months that he was there, he would have movements he moved, we went out on weekdays on it, we came back in on Friday afternoon for a weekend, liberty, Monday morning, you're all going out again, the girl she didn't know were the ones who could care less, you know, that's their plan on the moving boys that the chips were out, they come back and they're always tied up at the same place. Their biggest disappointment was we have no carriers in Pearl Harbor, there are only three in the all in the entire Pacific one was on the West Coast. And one was on the way to liberate or deliver planes to bolster them. One was coming back from Wake Island from doing the same job taking planes out there. So info hardware software, no planes, submarines, other advanced for scouting Mahana roads, which is another anchor point for our fleet. And I said there are no carriers here, they pass that word back on the equipment and stuff that I took out of the midget submarine that we captured was the start of storage showing a map of the harbor and there were pencil notes on there. And for a while the people of the United States or the army commander, whoever, when they saw that chart, they felt this man has been inside the harbor already. Well, that's not true, because later when Sakamaki was questioned about that, he said no, those pencil notes represent the last intelligence information that the Japanese consul in Hawaii was getting to those men in the attacking force last night details on just where the ships are. But the important thing was, sadly for them no aircraft carriers in the harbor. So then what they really did was more or less make battleships obsolete because we have nothing to fight that we had carrier so when you major Doolittle went over to Japan in May, the following year, just a few months later, he had only planes taken off the carrier. And that was on hurry up and on the plane. There's a loud type plan it just never operated from carriers are too big, too heavy and just couldn't come.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2153/collection_resources/83646/file/171972#t=2097.0,2241.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2153/collection_resources/83646/file/171972/transcript/40761/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: Click that it stopped. What we still have some takers.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2153/collection_resources/83646/file/171972#t=2242.0,2244.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2153/collection_resources/83646/file/171972/transcript/40761/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: So that was a big surprise that also pointed out that during the ability of Japan that when they were attacking, that he says really those are land planes where they come from, but the idea was dropped their bombs and just keep on going the land and China or elsewhere. A few of them were shocked down. Some of them were captured some of the men and it was known that they were executed without the Japanese have a hatred that they're fierce warriors, but they're very unethical to. And there were many pictures that come out later showing actual executions in the battlefield. Particularly there was nothing in Life Magazine of of Australian soldier. His hands are tied behind the back, he blindfolded, he's kneeling on the edge of a freighter or a hole. And here's this Japanese soldier was sore. He's about to be the man. And torture was very common. So we can't do anything about that we tried to abide by the Geneva Convention and if you've kept your man Okay, he becomes a prisoner. We treat them fairly we give him clothes and put him in a stockade or prison or rock camp or whatever, but at least they were treated as individuals and as human beings. Torture was by the common man and it was just a rough deal. I don't really know a lot of specifics at all and the Arizona I didn't serve the board as a member but I had been a board member as an assistantship within Nevada also tripod type maths and, and I knew about it and but I went to that battle of bands the night before and Holloway, that was really wonderful to hear how well those men could play and compare them to the big name bands. Of course, they would have brought that up, but they were very excellent. And that was really something","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2153/collection_resources/83646/file/171972#t=2245.0,2344.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2153/collection_resources/83646/file/171972/transcript/40761/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: Did you know people on the Arizona","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2153/collection_resources/83646/file/171972#t=2345.0,2347.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2153/collection_resources/83646/file/171972/transcript/40761/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: not too many. So you're dealing with a staff we didn't even know too many on our own ship, the Pennsylvania were more or less our close knit group of our own. They knew all men have our own little group, the 5040 to 50. We traveled with the hammer all the time. But of course from after chemo got the lead Admiral Nimitz took over roughly less than a month later. The staff remained the same. So I then became serving with him. I will repair his cryptographic speech security equipment, but he was wonderful man was there's no better way to work for them. I have no minutes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2153/collection_resources/83646/file/171972#t=2348.0,2383.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2153/collection_resources/83646/file/171972/transcript/40761/annotation/33","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: And your kid was on the Amazon of this. And they call that that was his flagship.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2153/collection_resources/83646/file/171972#t=2384.0,2394.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2153/collection_resources/83646/file/171972/transcript/40761/annotation/34","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: Pennsylvania was the flagship of the entire Pacific Fleet. They have to be versions one, two and three and one of those ships in the Namibian three ships and in division one of those will be the say the flagship of that division only Pennsylvania was where Admiral Kimmel or Admiral Nimitz sailed primarily. That was the overall flagship of the entire Pacific fleet. The top man the big boss, right. The airs on the state, the chaplain the falling Stein on our feast in the chatroom on the California and at the time with our 40th anniversary, he gave the invocation or something in their elegant to swap but he mentioned that he named all the chaplains on all the battleships it was a battleship chaplain, he said, this is now 1981 He said of all those man he named each one he said they're all good except the chaplain of the Maryland and myself. He died just last December so there's only one man left and I'm gonna go to the library starting speech can be confiscated. We will be able to make a copy","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2153/collection_resources/83646/file/171972#t=2395.0,2397.0"}]},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2153/collection_resources/83646/file/171972/transcript/40761","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["English [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2153/collection_resources/83646/file/171972/transcript/40761/annotation/35","type":"Annotation","motivation":"subtitling","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/040/761/original/azu_AZ517_box46_item02_p_%281%29.vtt?1670264001","format":"text/vtt","language":"en"},"target":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/040/761/original/azu_AZ517_box46_item02_p_%281%29.vtt?1670264001"}]}]}]}