{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/fb4wh2f912/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["Dr. Marc Sbar on the Potential for Earthquakes in California and Arizona"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/038/original/university-libraries-logo-2x.png?1711560609","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Publisher"]},"value":{"en":["University of Arizona Libraries"]}},{"label":{"en":["Rights Statement"]},"value":{"en":["Copyright held by University of Arizona Libraries"]}},{"label":{"en":["Source"]},"value":{"en":["Accent: On University of Arizona, box 2, reel 1"]}},{"label":{"en":["Agent"]},"value":{"en":["Beach, Mort (interviewer)","Sbar, M. L. (Marc L.)- (interviewee)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Date"]},"value":{"en":["9/29/1977"]}},{"label":{"en":["Coverage"]},"value":{"en":["Arizona--Tucson (spatial)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Language"]},"value":{"en":["English"]}},{"label":{"en":["Description"]},"value":{"en":["Program topics - Dr. Marc Sbar, University of Arizona Geoscientist, discusses the potential for earthquakes in California and Arizona."]}},{"label":{"en":["Format"]},"value":{"en":["1/4 inch audio tape"]}},{"label":{"en":["Identifier"]},"value":{"en":["MS641.045 (uid)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Relation"]},"value":{"en":["Accent: On University of Arizona (part of)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Subject"]},"value":{"en":["University of Arizona"]}},{"label":{"en":["Type"]},"value":{"en":["Interviews"]}}],"summary":{"en":["Program topics - Dr. Marc Sbar, University of Arizona Geoscientist, discusses the potential for earthquakes in California and Arizona."]},"requiredStatement":{"label":{"en":["Attribution"]},"value":{"en":["Copyright held by University of Arizona Libraries"]}},"provider":[{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/aboutus","type":"Agent","label":{"en":["University of Arizona Libraries"]},"homepage":[{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/","type":"Text","label":{"en":["University of Arizona Libraries"]},"format":"text/html"}],"logo":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/038/original/university-libraries-logo-2x.png?1711560609","type":"Image"}]}],"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/public/images/audio-default.png","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73811/file/159494","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 1 of 1 - azu_ms641-045_side1_a.mp3"]},"duration":433.79258,"width":640,"height":360,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/public/images/audio-default.png","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73811/file/159494/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73811/file/159494/content/1/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-arizona.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/159/494/original/azu_ms641-045_side1_a.mp3?1651790832","type":"Audio","format":"audio/mp3","duration":433.79258,"width":640,"height":360},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73811/file/159494","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73811/file/159494/transcript/37686","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["641-045 [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73811/file/159494/transcript/37686/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: This is accent on the University of Arizona. I'm Mark beech. For many years now, some soothsayers have been predicting that any day now California will drift off to sea. But there are some scientists who are concerned about an increase in seismic activity in the vicinity of the highly publicized San Andreas Fault. Dr. Marks bar is an assistant professor in the University of Arizona's department of geosciences. Mark, what is the current state of opinion regarding this fault area?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73811/file/159494#t=5.0,34.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73811/file/159494/transcript/37686/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: Well, the San Andreas Fault, particularly in Southern California, has recently had some unusual activity on it in the past few years, in particular, is a bulge or an uplift senator around the town of Palmdale, this was observed, let's say over the past 10 years, and is suspicious because a bulge or an uplift of the ground is thought to be a precursor to earthquake activity or to a major do most","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73811/file/159494#t=35.0,61.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73811/file/159494/transcript/37686/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: of your colleagues feel that this is the area where another major earthquake could occur, then?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73811/file/159494#t=62.0,66.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73811/file/159494/transcript/37686/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: Yes. In 1857, there was a magnitude eight earthquake on this stretch of the fault. Since that time, the fault has been locked and very quiet. We suspect that another earthquake of the same size could occur it sometime in the future. exactly when, however, is a question.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73811/file/159494#t=67.0,84.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73811/file/159494/transcript/37686/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: And you don't know the severity of it either. Well,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73811/file/159494#t=85.0,86.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73811/file/159494/transcript/37686/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: it would be a magnitude eight. And we would certainly feel it. I suspect in Tucson.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73811/file/159494#t=87.0,92.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73811/file/159494/transcript/37686/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: Is this considered a prime quake area? Oh, yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73811/file/159494#t=93.0,97.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73811/file/159494/transcript/37686/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: To the south of this area, there have been magnitude six and seven earthquakes along the same stretch of the fault. This part of the fold has been relieving its energy, where to the north, or I should say, really, to the east of Los Angeles, this other branch of the fold is locked and is just building up strain and eventually must snap.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73811/file/159494#t=98.0,115.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73811/file/159494/transcript/37686/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: Basically, what is the area we're talking about? Does it extend into the populated areas of Central California? No, it's","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73811/file/159494#t=116.0,122.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73811/file/159494/transcript/37686/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: starts in the southern end, a little bit north of San Bernardino. The fortress goes along the east side of the San Gabriel Mountains. So it's some 40 miles or so from Los Angeles. And then it winds its way north up into the southern part of the central California.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73811/file/159494#t=123.0,138.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73811/file/159494/transcript/37686/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: Do you have any private predictions as to what this movement along the folder you might be the result of?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73811/file/159494#t=139.0,145.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73811/file/159494/transcript/37686/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: It's hard to say. You could say it is a precursor to an earthquake. But at the same time, it may be that the earth goes up and down by itself. And with nothing happening, there is some evidence that this may have occurred in the early 1900s,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73811/file/159494#t=146.0,158.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73811/file/159494/transcript/37686/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: that the earth goes up and down on by itself. Yeah.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73811/file/159494#t=159.0,162.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73811/file/159494/transcript/37686/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: And with no resulting earthquake, we just have too little knowledge about what really happens on the earth.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73811/file/159494#t=163.0,168.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73811/file/159494/transcript/37686/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: Now if we had a quake in this area, again, would it be felt here in the southern part of Arizona?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73811/file/159494#t=169.0,173.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73811/file/159494/transcript/37686/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: Oh, yes, a quake of a magnitude eight size. There's no doubt it would be filled here. Whether it would cause damage or not, I have no idea","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73811/file/159494#t=174.0,180.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73811/file/159494/transcript/37686/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: what areas of the state possibly would be most susceptible to not damage necessarily, but certainly feeling the quake along the Colorado River area or where","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73811/file/159494#t=181.0,190.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73811/file/159494/transcript/37686/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: Yes, the places closest to California. And certainly there's a local effect due to the characteristic of the soil and the ground at the site that would might amplify signals.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73811/file/159494#t=191.0,202.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73811/file/159494/transcript/37686/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: What's happening today really, that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73811/file/159494#t=203.0,204.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73811/file/159494/transcript/37686/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: makes people so very highly concerned about this area, people are very sensitive about this bulge, the San Andreas Fault all of this, well, what has happened since the observation of the bulge, the US Geological Survey has mounted an intensive effort to find out what the cause of the bulge is. And part of this effort has been monitoring the seismic activity along the fault recently, people at Caltech have observed a increase of about 20 times in the seismicity along this wall compared with the studies 10 years ago. This is suspicious again because increasing seismicity often precedes a major earthquake but not always. Other studies are going on such as studies of animal behavior, which sometimes indicates an earthquake and studies of electrical phenomenon, strain and stress in the earth and any number of studies that are unique for the geophysical world","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73811/file/159494#t=205.0,258.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73811/file/159494/transcript/37686/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: Mark we've been talking about the Palmdale bolts just exactly where is it located?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73811/file/159494#t=259.0,263.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73811/file/159494/transcript/37686/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: Well, initially, it was centered around Palmdale and extended for maybe 150 kilometers on either side, and almost to the coast of California. Later studies have indicated that in the last two years, Palmdale has subsided and the center of the bulge has moved to the southwest towards Barstow. The bulge now extends from at least the Arizona border to the west northwest to around Santa Barbara, so that at least half of the board seems to lie along the trace of the lock section of this San Andres fault","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73811/file/159494#t=264.0,297.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73811/file/159494/transcript/37686/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: in the introduction of The program I said that some soothsayers have been predicting for years now that California is going to drift off to sea. Is there really any serious thought that this could occur at some time in the future? Maybe not in our lifetimes?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73811/file/159494#t=298.0,310.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73811/file/159494/transcript/37686/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: Well, if you think in terms of 100 million years, California will certainly move a great distance, it's moving at the rate of about five to six centimeters a year, the western part of California, but in our lifetime, when the fault does break, it might move on the order of five to 10 meters. So there's not really much danger of California drifting out to sea.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73811/file/159494#t=311.0,331.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73811/file/159494/transcript/37686/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: This is off the subject maybe just a little bit. But are the two heavily populated areas of the state the Tucson and Phoenix areas close to any kind of earthquake activity? In other words, are they located near a fault? Well, there","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73811/file/159494#t=332.0,344.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73811/file/159494/transcript/37686/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: are faults throughout the crust of the earth, almost everywhere. But in Arizona, we do have a seismic belt, if we'd like to call it that, that runs to the east of Tucson and Phoenix. And it extends from probably somewhere near Safford or Douglas, up to the north western corner of the state. It's maybe a zone of 100 kilometers or maybe 60 miles wide. It's very diffuse. And doesn't we don't know much about the activity is its own today. There's just very little information on where major earthquakes might occur along the zone, if","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73811/file/159494#t=345.0,377.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73811/file/159494/transcript/37686/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: they can occur. Should people in Arizona possibly have a bit more awareness about earthquake preparedness? Do you think?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73811/file/159494#t=378.0,385.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73811/file/159494/transcript/37686/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: I think that at least in the in the places where we think that do occur along this zone, we should be a little concerned about especially when you talk about a major structure, let's say like a nuclear power plant or a dam, that kind of structure the single family house. I don't think we should really worry about it just yet. We understand a little bit more about the nature of earthquakes in Arizona.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73811/file/159494#t=386.0,406.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73811/file/159494/transcript/37686/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: I've been talking with Dr. Mark spar and assistant professor in the University of Arizona's department of geosciences. This has been accent on the University of Arizona, I'm Mark beech.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73811/file/159494#t=407.0,409.0"}]},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73811/file/159494/transcript/37686","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["English [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73811/file/159494/transcript/37686/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"subtitling","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/037/686/original/azu_ms641-045_side1_a.vtt?1652726912","format":"text/vtt","language":"en"},"target":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/037/686/original/azu_ms641-045_side1_a.vtt?1652726912"}]}]}]}