{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/959c53g163/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["Don Kimmel on the Continuing World Food Crisis"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/038/original/university-libraries-logo-2x.png?1711560609","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Publisher"]},"value":{"en":["University of Arizona Libraries"]}},{"label":{"en":["Rights Statement"]},"value":{"en":["Copyright held by University of Arizona Libraries"]}},{"label":{"en":["Source"]},"value":{"en":["Accent: On University of Arizona, box 2, reel 22"]}},{"label":{"en":["Agent"]},"value":{"en":["Beach, Mort (interviewer)","Kimmel, Don (interviewee)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Date"]},"value":{"en":["2/16/1978"]}},{"label":{"en":["Coverage"]},"value":{"en":["Arizona--Tucson (spatial)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Language"]},"value":{"en":["English"]}},{"label":{"en":["Description"]},"value":{"en":["Program topics - Interview with Don Kimmel, U.N. food specialist, on the continuing world food crisis."]}},{"label":{"en":["Format"]},"value":{"en":["1/4 inch audio tape"]}},{"label":{"en":["Identifier"]},"value":{"en":["MS641.067 (uid)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Relation"]},"value":{"en":["Accent: On University of Arizona (part of)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Subject"]},"value":{"en":["University of Arizona"]}},{"label":{"en":["Type"]},"value":{"en":["Interviews"]}}],"summary":{"en":["Program topics - Interview with Don Kimmel, U.N. food specialist, on the continuing world food crisis."]},"requiredStatement":{"label":{"en":["Attribution"]},"value":{"en":["Copyright held by University of Arizona Libraries"]}},"provider":[{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/aboutus","type":"Agent","label":{"en":["University of Arizona Libraries"]},"homepage":[{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/","type":"Text","label":{"en":["University of Arizona Libraries"]},"format":"text/html"}],"logo":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/038/original/university-libraries-logo-2x.png?1711560609","type":"Image"}]}],"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/public/images/audio-default.png","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73831/file/159871","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 1 of 1 - azu_ms641-067_side1_a.mp3"]},"duration":451.71258,"width":640,"height":360,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/public/images/audio-default.png","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73831/file/159871/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73831/file/159871/content/1/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-arizona.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/159/871/original/azu_ms641-067_side1_a.mp3?1652809229","type":"Audio","format":"audio/mp3","duration":451.71258,"width":640,"height":360},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73831/file/159871","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73831/file/159871/transcript/37735","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["641-067 [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73831/file/159871/transcript/37735/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: This is accent on the University of Arizona. I'm Mark beech, the North American representative for the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Don Kimmel, was in Tucson recently for a speaking engagement at the University of Arizona. I talked with Don, during his visit, done. It's been in the news recently that there has been a decline in the rate of growth of the world's population, what long range effect if any, is this going to have on world food sources?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73831/file/159871#t=5.0,34.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73831/file/159871/transcript/37735/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: This is indeed a very welcome news. The major factor in demand for food in the poor countries is indeed population growth. And if that growth rate has now slowed down, it means that the possibility of producing sufficient food for all is enhanced.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73831/file/159871#t=35.0,57.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73831/file/159871/transcript/37735/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: Now, this obviously has been a problem in the past when population was on the increase, and there were times when Well, there were famines, people starving, is that going to continue to be a problem?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73831/file/159871#t=58.0,70.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73831/file/159871/transcript/37735/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: Oh, yes, it most certainly is going to continue to be a problem. It so happens that at the present time, the world as a whole, most of the countries have had good harvests. And we now have a world reserve on planned reserve, which is more than adequate to ensure continuity in food supplies. It happens, however, that the poorest food deficit nations do not have foreign exchange, to buy the great surpluses in this nation. And even in those nations, which have the possibilities to acquire from other nations, or even to produce enough in the aggregate. Many, many people go hungry simply because they are too poor to buy. So the real cause of hunger is poverty,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73831/file/159871#t=71.0,124.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73831/file/159871/transcript/37735/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: are more nations becoming more self sufficient as far as producing their own food supplies.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73831/file/159871#t=125.0,129.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73831/file/159871/transcript/37735/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: There are signs of improvement in a number of nations. But what is most discouraging is that while the developing countries as a whole, during the 50s and 60s, were expanding their food production even slightly more rapidly than the developed countries, that rate has now slackened off very considerably in the first half of the 70s. And this is a cause for considerable concern.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73831/file/159871#t=130.0,158.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73831/file/159871/transcript/37735/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: Is the United States done still going to be counted upon to supply many of the world's hungry people with with food and the foreseeable future? Do you feel","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73831/file/159871#t=159.0,166.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73831/file/159871/transcript/37735/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: the United States as the major producer of grain for export will certainly continue to be a source of grain for those countries which have the ability to buy it. And it will also, we hope, continue to make some contribution in the area of food aid.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73831/file/159871#t=167.0,187.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73831/file/159871/transcript/37735/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: Now, grains are still the big supply is that the thing that the United States still supplies the most of is","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73831/file/159871#t=188.0,194.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73831/file/159871/transcript/37735/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: grain, the United States is a major factor in the world, a grain market. And if you're thinking about feeding hungry people, you are thinking about grains, because they are much cheaper than meat or fruits or vegetables or any of the other","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73831/file/159871#t=195.0,210.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73831/file/159871/transcript/37735/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: Do you see any of the countries that are in a position to buy supplies from the United States making a large purchase, such as the Soviet Union, possibly or Canada or any other country for that matter?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73831/file/159871#t=211.0,222.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73831/file/159871/transcript/37735/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: Well, this, of course, depends each year on the kinds of crops they have at home, it depends upon the policies they have with respect to building up their own stocks. It depends upon whether they're going to make a special move to push more meat to their consumers. And one just cannot generalize about that sort of a question.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73831/file/159871#t=223.0,246.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73831/file/159871/transcript/37735/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: The weather, of course, is in the news. In the United States. It has been all winter it was last year and of course around the world to its continuing problem. What relationship is there between a bad year harvest wise and food supplies? Obviously, there is a correlation there done?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73831/file/159871#t=247.0,264.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73831/file/159871/transcript/37735/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: Well, if one looks at the world as a whole, we estimate there about 500 million people who are chronically under and malnourished even in times of good harvest. They are the ones when we have a poor harvest to are going to suffer most and many of them will disappear and others who in good times are relatively well off also become badly off. And furthermore, the price of green in a poor harvest year is in 7273 escalates, consider And a country such as India, which sets your imported perhaps 9 million tonnes have to use foreign exchange which it might have used to further develop its infrastructure for production at home to buy food from outside","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73831/file/159871#t=265.0,313.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73831/file/159871/transcript/37735/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: isn't impossible for the world's nations to get together to put together some kind of a reserve system for bad years when harvests aren't as good as they are expected to be.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73831/file/159871#t=314.0,323.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73831/file/159871/transcript/37735/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: While this is something my organization has been trying to promote, since its establishment in 1970, in 1945, but we have made little progress. The problem is that a nations cannot agree on how large reserve the world needs, on who should finance its holding, where it should be held, and how we should determine when the stock should be increased, or drawn down. Currently, there are negotiations in Geneva, in the international wheat agreement within the framework of the UN Conference on Trade and Development. And we can only hope that they will come to concrete results, because at the moment is the ideal time to create a reserve. We have massive quantities of grain, which means prices are fairly reasonable. And we also know that if the world as a whole should have a bad harvest next year, we could be back to the same miserable position for so much of the world's population we had in 7273. starvation is still going to continue to be a worldwide problem.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73831/file/159871#t=324.0,396.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73831/file/159871/transcript/37735/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: It certainly is for how long?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73831/file/159871#t=397.0,399.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73831/file/159871/transcript/37735/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: I wish I could answer that question. I would only say that we have the technical possibility to eliminate hunger, no question about it. The problem is one of political will. If the leadership of the world's nations, both poor and rich, could decide that that's where the priority ought to be. We would not have hungry people.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73831/file/159871#t=400.0,424.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73831/file/159871/transcript/37735/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: I've been talking with Don Kimmel, the North American representative for the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. This has been accent on the University of Arizona, I'm Mark beech.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73831/file/159871#t=425.0,427.0"}]},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73831/file/159871/transcript/37735","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["English [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73831/file/159871/transcript/37735/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"subtitling","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/037/735/original/azu_ms641-067_side1_a.vtt?1652809262","format":"text/vtt","language":"en"},"target":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/037/735/original/azu_ms641-067_side1_a.vtt?1652809262"}]}]}]}