{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/2b8v980q76/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["Wilber 'Bill' Bowers interview: A Century Remembered"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/038/original/university-libraries-logo-2x.png?1711560609","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Source"]},"value":{"en":["Bill Bowers Scrapbook and Interview, MS 571"]}},{"label":{"en":["Publisher"]},"value":{"en":["University of Arizona Libraries"]}},{"label":{"en":["Rights Statement"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eCopyright The Arizona Board of Regents.\u003c/p\u003e"]}},{"label":{"en":["Agent"]},"value":{"en":["Wilber \"Bill\" Bowers (interviewee)","Bob Fitzmorris (interviewer)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Date"]},"value":{"en":["1999 (created)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Coverage"]},"value":{"en":["Arizona","20th Century"]}},{"label":{"en":["Language"]},"value":{"en":["English (primary)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Description"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eBill Bowers interview 2\u003c/p\u003e"]}},{"label":{"en":["Format"]},"value":{"en":["video"]}},{"label":{"en":["Identifier"]},"value":{"en":["MS571.003 (uid)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Relation"]},"value":{"en":["Bill Bowers Scrapbook and Interview (part of)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Subject"]},"value":{"en":["Arizona (Battleship) -- History (topical term)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Type"]},"value":{"en":["interview"]}},{"label":{"en":["Preferred Citation"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eBill Bowers scrapbook and interview (MS 571). 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I'm Bob Fitzmorris. Tonight, we have a special treat as we meet a gentleman whose talents are well known in the Pike's Peak region, join us for a conversation with Bill Bowers. Bill was born right here in Colorado Springs in 1903 he's been a musician, an officer in both the Army and the Air Force, and has been a leader in many different phases of photography. Bill, let's start by telling how your parents or grandparents settled in this area.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332#t=41.0,75.0"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332/transcript/87438/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBILL BOWERS:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, my grandfather arrived here in 1868 as a chemist and assayer, and was employed by Stratton and Penrose. And he was the incident that worked with Stratton in assaying the ores that were brought out of the Independence mine. And then he also went from there as a teacher of chemistry and assay in Colorado College. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332#t=75.0,111.36458"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332/transcript/87438/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBILL BOWERS:\u003c/strong\u003e My father came in 1898 as an instructor in music, head of the music department at Colorado College. And then he and my mother were married in '89, and my mother also taught chemistry in Colorado College. So my roots run rather deep in Colorado College. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332#t=111.36458,134.59684"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332/transcript/87438/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBILL BOWERS:\u003c/strong\u003e Clear back to the history of Cripple Creek's gold incident. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332#t=134.59684,139.7321"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332/transcript/87438/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBILL BOWERS:\u003c/strong\u003e That's right back into the beginning Cripple Creek.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332#t=139.7321,143.0"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332/transcript/87438/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBOB FITZMORRIS:\u003c/strong\u003e Did you grow up here in Colorado Springs? No,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332#t=143.0,146.0"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332/transcript/87438/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBILL BOWERS:\u003c/strong\u003e I left here in 19 six. We went to California, where we stayed until 1920 and then moved to Arizona. My father was head of the music department for the San Diego school district. And then in 1920 there was an uproar in the school system in California, and my father went to visit me Arizona, where he was head of the music department there. And that's how I happened to end up at the University of Arizona. I see, well, my grandfather was a very close friend of Stratton. And I have some piece of furniture that Stratton had given to my father to my grandfather at one time. It's a small unit for mining. Samples, the very beautiful little piece of furniture, a real keepsake. Yeah, a real keepsake, you bet.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332#t=146.0,210.0"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332/transcript/87438/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBOB FITZMORRIS:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, what was Colorado Springs like when you came back and saw it? What kind of town was it in those early days? Well,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332#t=210.0,218.0"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332/transcript/87438/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBILL BOWERS:\u003c/strong\u003e it was a very interesting town in 1916 my grandfather had died because there was a great storm and an epidemic flu, and he died during that epidemic. So I came to live with my grandmother for a year and a half, and Colorado Springs was a very quiet little town with streetcars and coal wagons and and bakery wagons. And your milk was delivered in bottles, as you some of us, the old timers, remember, you dipped the cream off the top of the bottle, and Jackson was the north end of the city. The West End of the city was not, not too far east of Wasatch, perhaps maybe six or eight blocks. It was a barren country from there back, I'd say there were maybe 20,000 people in Colorado Springs. But the interesting thing was the streetcar that ran from the north end of Colorado Springs over to Manitou,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332#t=218.0,282.0"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332/transcript/87438/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBOB FITZMORRIS:\u003c/strong\u003e one they're trying to revise. Now, that's right, yeah, was that heavily used then?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332#t=282.0,289.0"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332/transcript/87438/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBILL BOWERS:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, rather, it cost you a nickel to ride it, a whole nickel. One of my favorite stories is I left home one day I want to go over to Manitou. And. The I got on the streetcar and paid my nickel and gone about two blocks, and the lady next to me, she said, You know, I heard the end of the world is coming tomorrow. Well, I jumped off at the streetcar and ran home, but apparently it didn't.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332#t=289.0,317.0"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332/transcript/87438/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBOB FITZMORRIS:\u003c/strong\u003e Obviously that wasn't a correct room. Well, let's get back to some of your activities in San Diego. Understand you were interested in radio in those early","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332#t=317.0,330.0"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332/transcript/87438/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBILL BOWERS:\u003c/strong\u003e days. Yes, I built a crystal set in my early days, in seventh and eighth grade, in grammar school, for instance, and had a very nice set. I learned the Morse in the continental code. To some extent I was listening. One of my interesting things is I was listening into the crystal set one evening, and I heard a voice come over the set, and it said, hello, hello, 1234, and I thought somebody was outside of my bedroom window and scared me to death. And I ran out in the into the dining room where my dad was sitting, and he said, What happened to you? I said, I heard somebody talk over the crystal set. And he said, You're crazy. You can't do that well to prove my point. Two years later, the Popular Science Magazine came out with an article about two destroyers that were in San Diego Bay, and they were testing what they called the audio tube, which was the first voice carrying radio at that time, and it proved to the point that I actually did hear it. Then they were talking between these two destroyers, and I just accidentally have to pick it up. Well, I found out. We found out, of course, later, that voice could be heard over a crystal set if it just happened to be tuned at the right spot. Weren't you lucky on that. I was very lucky, but I was glad I could prove my point.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332#t=330.0,425.0"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332/transcript/87438/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBOB FITZMORRIS:\u003c/strong\u003e I understand you had another experience on the California tower while you were in California.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332#t=425.0,431.0"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332/transcript/87438/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBILL BOWERS:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, in the San Diego has small, not very heavy, earthquakes, but my eighth grade class went over to visit. This is 1916 it was the the World's Fair in San Diego. 1915 was a very wonderful fair, and they built what they called the California Building, which had a beautiful Spanish architectural type tower. And my class was up in the top of this tower, overlooking the reps of the grounds when an earthquake struck and it cracked the tower down the north side, well, the last 20 feet getting up to the top was a circular iron stairway. And I was no gentleman. I was the first one down that stairway had didn't he wait for the teacher? But that was quite an experience. You get in a tower during an earthquake. You've been somewhere,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332#t=431.0,491.0"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332/transcript/87438/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eUNKNOWN SPEAKER:\u003c/strong\u003e claustrophobic, right?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332#t=491.0,493.0"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332/transcript/87438/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBILL BOWERS:\u003c/strong\u003e But the tower is still there. The building is still there. That bill isn't it's but I'm, well, I'm on the ground, but a good part of the fairgrounds are still there, and it's the Balboa Park. They call it. It's wonderful place to visit if you ever go to San Diego, for sure, thank you, but you can't go up in the tower.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332#t=493.0,516.0"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332/transcript/87438/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBOB FITZMORRIS:\u003c/strong\u003e Let's jump now to your college days, where you went to college and some of the activities that you had there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332#t=516.0,523.0"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332/transcript/87438/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBILL BOWERS:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, I had planned to go to Colorado College in 1921 I graduated from high school 1920 I was either going to go to Colorado College or Northwestern Well, the banks closed in 1921 and nobody had any money. And being in Bisbee, Arizona at the time, I decided to go to University of Arizona. That's how it happened to land there. And that was 1921 and it was a school of 2500 people. Today it's almost 40,000","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332#t=523.0,561.0"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332/transcript/87438/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBOB FITZMORRIS:\u003c/strong\u003e slightly has increased. Yes, what are some of your memories from college?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332#t=561.0,566.0"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332/transcript/87438/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBILL BOWERS:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, in those days, we had hazing as a freshman, and they shaved your head, and the sophomores did things like that. They've cut all that out, and we had fights in the cactus garden and a few interesting things like that. It was, it was a real good educational unit at that time, even though it had the usual college problems.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332#t=566.0,593.0"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332/transcript/87438/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBOB FITZMORRIS:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, I heard some rumors that you were a musician of note.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332#t=593.0,601.0"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332/transcript/87438/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBILL BOWERS:\u003c/strong\u003e It in college? Well, very few notes, but I might be called a musician. I took up saxophone when I was in high school, and then added clarinet later. So we had our own band at the college, and we used to play for dances on campus, and all the sturtney House dances and some down downtown, the country club and so forth. So it was a nice little band unit, and I worked my way through college playing in this in the dance band, because, like I say, in 21 we lost everything we had. So I had to borrow money to go to college, but paid it all off with my with my dance band, and that was the dance band that we finally toured the Orient with. I might mention later. Why don't you tell us about it now? Well, in 1925 I was supposed to graduate, and we had an offer to go with the Admiral oriental lines that shipped out Seattle to the Orient, and they wanted a dance band to play for their meals, and the dances after the meals and that sort of thing. It was a nice, a good sized ship, one of the dollar lines originally, it was half freight and half passenger. You had about 40 passengers, is all. But we hit, we shipped out of Seattle bound for Japan, and we got out short ways into the Pacific. And he hit one of those nice Pacific storms. So we had to go up through the the Alaskan Peninsula, over to the chum cut chum cut Peninsula, going down Japan and and our first stop then was in Yokohama. Well, we toured Japan and China and the Philippines, and played at many of the the big hotels, we would radio ahead, maybe two or three days before we got into for instance, in Shanghai, we'd radio ahead, and they would put up Signs and say, the Arizona collegians, the singing band, as we were called in those days, would play for a dance on such and such a date. So we would play for three four nights there, and then we'd ship out to the next one. So we had about nine months tour of the Orient. And that's that's why I didn't graduate until 1926","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332#t=601.0,763.0"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332/transcript/87438/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBOB FITZMORRIS:\u003c/strong\u003e How did the should we say American music go over when the","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332#t=763.0,767.0"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332/transcript/87438/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBILL BOWERS:\u003c/strong\u003e Orient went very well. Yeah. The we landed in Japan about a year and a half after the big quake, and the only hotel in Yokohama was called a tent hotel, and it was put up because everything else was devastated. And there were quite a few English and quite a few Americans there, but some of the Japanese seemed to enjoy it also. And same way Shanghai, Shanghai was a British colony, more or less in the 20s and the 30s,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332#t=767.0,804.0"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332/transcript/87438/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBOB FITZMORRIS:\u003c/strong\u003e in this day before microphones. How were you heard?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332#t=804.0,807.0"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332/transcript/87438/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBILL BOWERS:\u003c/strong\u003e We had little megaphones that if you remember Rudy Galli holding him, you might remember, but the rest of you kids around here wouldn't know anything about Rudy, but he invented the megaphone, but it was a lot of fun","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332#t=807.0,827.0"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332/transcript/87438/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBOB FITZMORRIS:\u003c/strong\u003e while you were still in college, understand that you met and dated one of the beauty","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332#t=827.0,835.0"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332/transcript/87438/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBILL BOWERS:\u003c/strong\u003e queens. Yeah, my wife was chosen as a beauty queen. Every year they chose one girl out of the unit that would be the beauty queen for that year, and she was chosen her sophomore year, and I started dating her, then in her junior year, actually, and we dated for a couple years, and we were married in 29 she graduated. I graduated, actually in 26 and when she graduated in 28 we were married in 29","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332#t=835.0,871.0"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332/transcript/87438/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eUNKNOWN SPEAKER:\u003c/strong\u003e and what kind of job did you have then, when you got","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332#t=871.0,873.0"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332/transcript/87438/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBILL BOWERS:\u003c/strong\u003e out, when I got out of college, I was in the brokerage business, and 1929 was the big crash in October. We were married on the 19th of October. 1929 the crash came on the 20th of October, and we were in Hollywood at the Chinese grammont theater. We came out of the theater that night, and they were screaming. Screaming all over the street, big headlines in the paper, stock market difficult. I got on the phone and called the boss, and he says, Come home immediately. So our honeymoon got real short, right there. And I came home to a wife that wonders what she got into. You","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332#t=873.0,917.0"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332/transcript/87438/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBOB FITZMORRIS:\u003c/strong\u003e know, after all, the stock market wasn't what you expected, no.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332#t=917.0,921.0"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332/transcript/87438/annotation/33","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBILL BOWERS:\u003c/strong\u003e And so I was really out of the stock market business. We had our home was half halfway under construction, and here I was with no job. So the only thing that was available was the insurance business, which I hated. But we managed to struggle, struggle along. We kept our home, and it was quite an interesting period of life. Right about then,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332#t=921.0,951.0"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332/transcript/87438/annotation/34","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBOB FITZMORRIS:\u003c/strong\u003e let's talk a little about your military career when you got in and what things were like at that time when you were got in the army.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332#t=951.0,959.0"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332/transcript/87438/annotation/35","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBILL BOWERS:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, the University of Arizona had a cavalry unit, and I thought, well, I'd like to know something about the military and cavalry anyway. And so I became a member of that unit all through college. And when I graduated from college, I graduated as a second lieutenant in the cavalry and was assigned to the 10th cavalry, which is at Huachuca, at that time, a black unit called the buffalo unit. Some of the folks may have heard of the buffalo unit. They're very well known black cavalry units that did many things throughout the war. And I was assigned to the 10th cavalry for a while, we maneuvered the border that 1925 Pancho Villa still in Mexico, and he had in 21 and 22 he'd made a few forays toward the the American side of the border. So that that was more of just an idea at the time, because we knew that he wasn't coming back, but","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332#t=959.0,1025.0"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332/transcript/87438/annotation/36","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER 3:\u003c/strong\u003e that they but you still got to chase Ponce Ville. They","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332#t=1025.0,1029.0"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332/transcript/87438/annotation/37","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBILL BOWERS:\u003c/strong\u003e said that we were down there to chase ponchoville. And one interesting thing I liked about the black unit, I got to know them very well. It was a black regiment with white officers, and we used to there was something we used to say about that mooch. I won't bring up at the time, but one of the interesting things that I had when I first went down there as a shave tail. This big black sergeant came up to me, and he said, No, Lieutenant, when you get in these maneuvers, if you don't know quite what to do, don't let that fret you. He says, the horse knows. And I said, You got to be kidding. So we went out on maneuvers that afternoon, and right in the middle of one of the fancier maneuvers, I said, I'm going to see what happens. So I just dropped my reins and the horse went right through the maneuvers. Exactly knew what you were wanting. When I came back, I got older the old sergeant, and I said, I thought you were a liar, but I said, you proved a soldier we had a lot of fun with that. But the nice thing about that was I was transferred to the Seventh Cavalry, the old Custer regiment, and there I had a chance to play polo. And for one game that I really liked was polo because the Polo ponies were so nice to handle. The hours of the horses of the cavalry who were worn out on the ice wagon before they put them in the cavalry, they were hard to handle. Polo pony was something different. Polo ponies were a real pleasure leaving so I had a chance to play quite a little polo, I see. So that's how I finally got up the rank of captain in cavalry. And then in 19 when the war broke, broke out. Of course, I was primed to call But naturally, the typical army maneuver. They put me into anti aircraft artillery. That's a far cry from horses, but it was a good change.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332#t=1029.0,1171.0"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332/transcript/87438/annotation/38","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBOB FITZMORRIS:\u003c/strong\u003e So what were your duties? Then I was getting in the war.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332#t=1171.0,1175.0"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332/transcript/87438/annotation/39","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBILL BOWERS:\u003c/strong\u003e I was captain of an anti aircraft unit, and we were sent to Bremerton, Washington, as the anti aircraft protection of the Bremerton Navy Yard, which of course, is the largest Navy Yard, along with Long Beach on the West Coast. And that's where I had a couple of experiences that were very. Interesting. And shall I mention the, maybe the bell story? I wish","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332#t=1175.0,1208.0"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332/transcript/87438/annotation/40","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBOB FITZMORRIS:\u003c/strong\u003e you would, because I've been reading here in the Arizona University magazine. There is a story in here that has a picture of you with a bell, and it says the bill. Who saved the bill? There is a story there. Tell it","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332#t=1208.0,1224.0"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332/transcript/87438/annotation/41","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBILL BOWERS:\u003c/strong\u003e well that talk about fate, strictly fate from ground up. I needed some electric gongs for my gun positions that were scattered all around the Navy Yard in Fort Lewis and McCord field, which were in Tacoma and little farther north, I needed something. We expected the Japanese to come in any minute, but I didn't have any immediate warning other than telephone, and sometimes they didn't work too well to warn these outlying gun positions. So I went to the Navy Yard, Good Old Navy Yard, that supplied the army with a lot of things that we didn't have. And went to the salvage yard. And the head of the salvage yard told him what I wanted, and I was looking for some gongs. And he said, I don't have anything like that. But he said, speaking of bells, I want to show you something. And he took me back to there was a big pile of bronze brass casings that had just come from the battle of the giant sea. And there was a six foot wooden crate right about the middle of them. And I went over and pulled a slat off the side of the crate, looked inside, and it said this tremendous, great, big bell in there. And it said, Arizona, 1916 and I said, What in the world is this? And he says, this is one of the two bells off the battleship Arizona. And I said, What are you going to do with it? And he said, Well, we're going to melt it down with each Casey. I said, the hell you are. And I went immediately to the captain of the Navy Yard, whose name was Captain row bottom, which I thought was very appropriate for a captain of Navy Yard, and I told him the story. I said, Here I am graduate of the University of Arizona, the state of Arizona or the university ought to be allowed to have that bell, and we're not going to melt it down. So I called the president of the university. He called the governor of the state, Governor Osborne, Governor called the Secretary of the Navy in Washington. And I have a whole stack of correspondence on this whole thing. And they went back to the university, and I said, I think it ought to be at the university. The bill is made of copper and silver from both metals from Arizona to begin with, which I didn't realize until studying a little further. So after a long discussion and many correspondence back and forth, the Secretary of the Navy said, Yes, we will let Arizona have it after the war was over, so they took it out and they hung it in the Navy Yard and let all the new recruits come in ring the bell. And he said, No, after the war, you have it. So when the war was over, I got the president of the university immediately to contact secretary, and they shipped it to the University of Arizona bill.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332#t=1224.0,1428.0"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332/transcript/87438/annotation/42","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBOB FITZMORRIS:\u003c/strong\u003e Let's look now at the circumstances around Europe at the end of World War Two, and how you were involved in","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332#t=1428.0,1439.0"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332/transcript/87438/annotation/43","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBILL BOWERS:\u003c/strong\u003e that when the war was over in Germany, my unit was split up. We were called the continental advanced sector. The anti aircraft unit had been broken up, and we had gone more into what we called actually prison chasing. So we were in charge of one of the prison camps in Ludwig, which is right across the Rhine River from Mannheim, had 275,000 prisoners, believe it or not, in this one camp. Well, my job after the war was to take my unit and divide it up into a cadres of 12 soldiers and one officer we would screen out of these camps, these prison camps, doctors, lawyers, carpenters, plumbers, stenographers, anyone that had in these camps. Times that had any ability at all, and we would break them up into units, take about 200 of them with a cadre of 12 of our units, and go into, for instance, a bombed out factory. There was a big chemical factory in ludicaben, which is right next to this big prison compound. Then we go through the factory and what wasn't bombed out. We tried to save anything that was usable. Then we had other units, one that went into Heilbronn, for instance, and was trying to save whatever was in merchandise stores and banks and so forth. And the strange thing was that when we were in Howard, a booby trap blew up in one of the banks in Howard, and I happened to get a picture of that at the same time. But all through Germany, we sent out these units even went down into the SAR basin at one place, and I ran a coal mine for three months. I ran a coal mine with the Polish who were prisoners of war with the Germans, but were released by the United States Army and were given these jobs of that the they had been prisoners that the Germans had used for other things. So we took the German prisoners out of the mines and put the poles in there to run it. Well, of course, I knew a whole lot about running the coal mines. Then the French came in at the end of the three months time, took over the whole SAR basin for the second time in their life. And this Lieutenant Colonel French called me in the office one day, and he said, I'll give you guys 24 hours to get out of here. Well, we were 200 miles from Mannheim. Had no transportation, no communication, except by jeep. And I said, I'm not getting out of here in 24 hours. And you French can take it, relieve it. And finally, we did move out, though, and turn it back to the French for the second time, as I say, so, I lost all love for the French right at that point because they treated us that way. Well, maybe we want more, but this is our land, and so get out.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332#t=1439.0,1660.0"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332/transcript/87438/annotation/44","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBOB FITZMORRIS:\u003c/strong\u003e What was the reception by the Germans that you were trying to repatriate? How did they take","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332#t=1660.0,1664.0"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332/transcript/87438/annotation/45","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBILL BOWERS:\u003c/strong\u003e it? Generally speaking, they were very, very much interested and pleased that we were taking the interest to do that. See we we went in, engineers went in and cleaned all the rubble out of the streets. So we had some first so it had some mode of transportation. Then we'd go in, even into the residential sections where there was anything left that could be reconstructed, and we'd put the Corps of Engineers in there, and they would try to reconstruct enough to give them another home, another place to live, and that went on and on. As a general rule, they appreciated what we were doing. The people did. Of course, the soldiers still didn't think much of us.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332#t=1664.0,1713.0"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332/transcript/87438/annotation/46","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBOB FITZMORRIS:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh, when you first went into Germany, did you find any of the concentration camps? Did you have anything to Yes,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332#t=1713.0,1723.0"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332/transcript/87438/annotation/47","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBILL BOWERS:\u003c/strong\u003e we were going through Germany at the time, and Dachau, of course, was one of the worst. And three days, the Third Army went in three days ahead of us and cleared out Dachau. So So by the time we got there, the prison camp itself was pretty well cleaned out. I have a couple of pictures of the camp and the crematory and so forth. But the horrible thing about Dachau was this little city of Dachau, which is not over a mile and a half away from the camp, and the people in the city didn't know what was going on in the camp, even though there were train loads of people coming in and no train loads of people going out. And they still wouldn't admit that something like that was going on. But we have evidence, but the Third Army went through there and took care of it. Well.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332#t=1723.0,1784.0"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332/transcript/87438/annotation/48","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBOB FITZMORRIS:\u003c/strong\u003e Thank you. On that, I wanted to find out how you got into the Air Force after being in the Army. Why was that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332#t=1784.0,1791.0"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332/transcript/87438/annotation/49","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBILL BOWERS:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, of course, I wasn't too hot about the army anyway, because I was called in instead of the Air Force. But there. At the end of the war when we were on our way home, that was there a year and a half in the army of occupation, and we were ready to come home, and they said, Do you want to stay in the army, you know, complete your retirement? And I said, not, if I can transfer to the Air Force. And they said, well, see what we can do about it. So minute I got home, I transferred to the Air Force, which is real lucky, because I had a chance to go to the air University in Atlanta and study aerial photography that I saw, that I could lecture on it. And as a result, I got another promotion, which I never would have gotten had I stayed in the army. Things work out, don't they, I finally retired as Lieutenant Colonel the Air Force.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332#t=1791.0,1849.0"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332/transcript/87438/annotation/50","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBOB FITZMORRIS:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, you've had an interest in airplanes since long time ago, haven't you?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332#t=1849.0,1856.0"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332/transcript/87438/annotation/51","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBILL BOWERS:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, I think always been interested in aviation of any sort. And way back in 1912 we were living in San Diego, and Curtis Wright had built this Curtis biplane, and he was making a cross country trip, and he landed at North Island San Diego, which now is, has been a good aviation base, and that's where all the big flat tops come in. Nowadays. There are always three or four of them there. My dad had some connection with someone that got us a chance to go over to North Island and visit and visit Glen Curtis and see this biplane which I very proud of, a picture that I have of me sitting in the cockpit of the Curtis Wright biplane, the first one that had ever come through well, that got me interested in aviation, and ever since, I've flown anything that would take off from the ground and bring me back safely or not.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332#t=1856.0,1921.0"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332/transcript/87438/annotation/52","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBOB FITZMORRIS:\u003c/strong\u003e What type of planes have you flown in or Well, I've","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332#t=1921.0,1925.0"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332/transcript/87438/annotation/53","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBILL BOWERS:\u003c/strong\u003e flown in dirigibles. I've flown in jets, the 86 and some of these I have flown after we've take taken off. I wouldn't attempt to take off land use and at six, which was a little observation plane that flew a lot in Germany, all the aerial shots that I photographed that I have, I took from that plane, this major was a friend of mine, and he had what they call the milk run. And so we went from France all over Western Germany, and so I did a lot of flying with him. I've flown gliders. I've flown hot air balloon and the ultra light plane, which I've had a lot of fun flying, and my last one was just a recent trip to Atlanta, to Alaska, when I had a chance to fly in a float plane. That's one that I could finally add to the list. But I think a variation of almost, of course, all the commercial planes, everything from DC three, which was the old workhorse for the army, up to 747, everything in between that I've had a chance to fly in or go commercially.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332#t=1925.0,2017.0"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332/transcript/87438/annotation/54","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBOB FITZMORRIS:\u003c/strong\u003e Now that you've flown in all of these What do you have for the future? What are you wanting to do in the airplanes,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332#t=2017.0,2023.0"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332/transcript/87438/annotation/55","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eUNKNOWN SPEAKER:\u003c/strong\u003e anything that'll take off the ground and bring me back?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332#t=2023.0,2026.0"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332/transcript/87438/annotation/56","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBOB FITZMORRIS:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, I don't know. Bill, you had quite an illustrious military career, starting with a cavalry and ending up in the air force. How would you sum that up? What what changes did you see during all that time?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332#t=2026.0,2040.0"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332/transcript/87438/annotation/57","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBILL BOWERS:\u003c/strong\u003e I think organization and probably modification of everything, the military and the Navy, Air Force, all branch of the service, have made such tremendous changes, especially since the electronic has entered into the picture. It's the the military up to the end of the war was was more oriented to a certain point, and wasn't organized as as perfectly as it is now. I think the communications and satellites and and all of them, the modern electronic equipment has made such a tremendous change in the way military is run, the way wars are fought, that I think it's been a. Salvation, in a way, it's been an expense, no doubt, in a way too, but I think we've arrived at the pinnacle of production and operation, operational procedures that they weren't even thought of even 20 years ago, and everything in the last 10 or 15 years, I think, has made this tremendous change.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332#t=2040.0,2134.0"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332/transcript/87438/annotation/58","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBOB FITZMORRIS:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, thank you for your analysis of that. Now we're going to switch to something very dear to my heart, and I think all of our viewers will enjoy this part. Talk about your life as a photographer, and I see a smile on your face there. I know that's where your interest is. That","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332#t=2134.0,2150.0"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332/transcript/87438/annotation/59","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBILL BOWERS:\u003c/strong\u003e really goes back well. Where does it go back to Bill? Well, I started in 19, I guess it was about 1912, or 13. My dad had a long four by five glass plate camera. It was about a foot and a half long, and it had no bellows, but it would slide one inside the other. He'd focus on the ground glass in the back. Then you slip this glass plate in, and had no shutter, not even a Packard shutter. You had a cap on the limb, so you just pull the cap off and put it back on when you figured the exposure. Then I processed everything in the sink, of course, the built mount and larger and that sort of stuff. So then I decided I'd go into aerial photography. Well, this is my story. I started aerial photography before as ever thought of before, this good little old brownie hot camera, which, of course, you can't get any film for it anymore. Well, I decided that I built a seven foot tailless camera of height with a little metal cage at the bottom. So this camera was stuck in that cage, and in order to fire it, I don't know whether many people nowadays know what firecracker punk is with the stuff used to light that would burn slowly, very slowly, so you light firecrackers. Well, I built this little deal on the side here, hold this piece of punk. Then I timed it to know how long it took to burn a certain distance. The shutter on this camera works first one way and then the other, either way it takes either way the shutter works, no matter which way it goes. So I pull it over this way, run the thread around the bottom of the camera and tie it around the punk. Well, when the pump burned down and burned the thread, it would the rubber band, would click the shutter, well, of course, then I'd pull the kite down, and I'd rewind the film, and I'd set up do the whole thing over here. That's real modern aerial","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332#t=2150.0,2296.0"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332/transcript/87438/annotation/60","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBOB FITZMORRIS:\u003c/strong\u003e photography. So that camera has been around, early","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332#t=2296.0,2300.0"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332/transcript/87438/annotation/61","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBILL BOWERS:\u003c/strong\u003e invention. For a long time, it's my baby. I wouldn't want to part with it. Thank you for that. Got Me Started into all kinds of photography. Since then, I think I've done just about everything.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332#t=2300.0,2314.0"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332/transcript/87438/annotation/62","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBOB FITZMORRIS:\u003c/strong\u003e Did you use any photography while you were in college?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332#t=2314.0,2317.0"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332/transcript/87438/annotation/63","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBILL BOWERS:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, for three years, I was the photographic editor of the yearbook, and I used to photograph all the activities. And for a while, I did most of the senior class, but then they finally, the last two years, they had an outside photographer that did a heck of a lot better job. Photography in college was where I really got busy. I had a five by seven graphic that I used for most of that stuff, so I got a claim with the five by seven. Then, of course, went to smaller cameras, so you did all your dark room work and did it yourself, yeah, I did a lot of the darkroom work in college, yeah.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332#t=2317.0,2370.0"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332/transcript/87438/annotation/64","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBOB FITZMORRIS:\u003c/strong\u003e What was your next advance in photography? What did you get into?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332#t=2370.0,2374.0"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332/transcript/87438/annotation/65","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBILL BOWERS:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, it was always just a hobby. I did a lot of movies for myself, and of course, I had the graphics for a while, speed graphics. And of course, when the war was over and I went into the partnership with Lloyd Knutson, we used speed graphics and Leicas and and I. Them. I Right now, I have a Leica, a four by five view camera that I use for most things at the Fine Arts Center, and I have three Nikons that are always loaded with different films for various projects that come up at the Art Center that have to be covered. So I have a goodly supply of camera camera equipment.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332#t=2374.0,2430.0"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332/transcript/87438/annotation/66","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBOB FITZMORRIS:\u003c/strong\u003e I want to distinguish here the types of photography that you have done. You did this early photography. Then you went into the portrait business, yeah, and the portrait business, what, in essence, was your clientele there?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332#t=2430.0,2446.0"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332/transcript/87438/annotation/67","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBILL BOWERS:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, when I opened our studio 4047 I came back in 46 but I wasn't feeling so hot, so I sure didn't want to go back to insurance or the brokerage business. So I said, I'm going to do what I want to do and what I like to do, whether it make any money or not, which was almost true. So we opened the studio, and we did portraiture and weddings and babies and then some commercial. And finally got going pretty well in commercial, and when Hewlett Packard opened up in 66 I guess it was my I had the pleasure of being chosen to do their commercial work. So for 20 years and I worked for Hewlett Packard and did their brochures and their their poop sheets, as we call them, and all of all of their commercial work. And that was quite a challenge. And I learned a lot. Most of that, of course, was four by five work with a lot of 35 millimeter when you're shooting close ups of the screens and that sort so I have some some of the finally went into color, and the color was really at that was the early part of shooting color photography, and that was a real challenge, but it was a lot of fun.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332#t=2446.0,2534.0"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332/transcript/87438/annotation/68","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBOB FITZMORRIS:\u003c/strong\u003e Okay, well, Bill, We're looking now at one of the ads used by Hewlett Packard that you photographed, and it's an underwater shot. Did you go to Florida take this picture?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332#t=2534.0,2549.0"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332/transcript/87438/annotation/69","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBILL BOWERS:\u003c/strong\u003e Sure. Went all the way to the Manitou swimming pool. Yeah, I've 10 I've done aerial underwater on land. So we've covered the waterfront pretty well, but we were nine hours in the magnitude swimming pool, and I had to, I built a water, what you call it, water viewing screen, a box with my rolly at the bottom of the box. It was arm's length down. I stood on a step ladder. Had the this, which I have a picture of, will probably show later. This particular instrument was built for the Marines, and it had to be one that would it says it will go anywhere. Well, it had to go underwater. It had to go in sand and all that sort of stuff. So I tied it with a 68 pound hunk of metal to the bottom of the swimming pool, so the the instrument itself is about three feet under water. Then I had my biggest mistake was I should have tied two corners of it to the wall so it wouldn't turn, but I didn't well. Then I had a girl with her bikini come in and supposedly adjust it, and I had a fellow with the diving of a scuba outfit. So I have pictures of both of them. I'd get the camera out, set, get focused properly, the way I wanted. Then they would come in from the other end of the pool very slowly. Well, of course, the way that they made would move the hole, so we'd have to start all over again. Well, by the time we got out, even though it was warm, by the time we got out, we all had goose bumps, because, you know,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332#t=2549.0,2656.0"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332/transcript/87438/annotation/70","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBOB FITZMORRIS:\u003c/strong\u003e how much time did you say? Nine hours? Nine hours of doing","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332#t=2656.0,2659.0"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332/transcript/87438/annotation/71","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBILL BOWERS:\u003c/strong\u003e this? But I got some good shots, and they even used it in industrial magazine a couple of but that was my extent of underwater photography.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332#t=2659.0,2672.0"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332/transcript/87438/annotation/72","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBOB FITZMORRIS:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, let's talk about exciting sports photography. Let's talk about the Pikes Peak Hill Climb. Were you involved in that? Oh,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332#t=2672.0,2679.0"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332/transcript/87438/annotation/73","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBILL BOWERS:\u003c/strong\u003e yes, very much I did movies, and Lloyd and I together did movies for Firestone for 27 years, and we would be set up at different places, at different times and at different years, from the start to the finish. Well, in used to be run in September. December? Well, September is a bad month because over Labor Day, because it would either snow or rain or hail or something, and the drivers would really take a beating before they got to the top. I've got some pictures taken at the finish line when you could barely see the driver coming up around the corner, the snow and the hail was so bad and it would be so cold that even though it used two cameras, had a cine Kodak special, which supposed to be the best movie camera at that time, and an old Bolex. Well, that old beat up Bolex would run whether cine wouldn't, and it'd be so cold you couldn't load film, so they moved it, decided, luckily, to move it to July, so then it was much better, but it was a real interesting to photograph. There's one spot up there that I finally chose as my favorite. It's about halfway before it starts up the switchbacks. And you can, you can follow the car all the way up the switchbacks, and you can hear it coming from down below, so you know when to start shooting. And it was a lot of fun. But then also, July is the summer lightning period, and I was in Devil's Playground one year, and the lightning struck a couple of boulders about a block and a half away from me, and here I was standing there with the tripod that woke you up, a real nice lightning rod, of course.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332#t=2679.0,2796.0"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332/transcript/87438/annotation/74","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eUNKNOWN SPEAKER:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, Bill,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332#t=2796.0,2797.0"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332/transcript/87438/annotation/75","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBOB FITZMORRIS:\u003c/strong\u003e here's a photograph of one of the race cars, and it has a camera on it. Yeah. Can you tell us what you were trying to do with this, and we will then show the results of it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332#t=2797.0,2810.0"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332/transcript/87438/annotation/76","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBILL BOWERS:\u003c/strong\u003e Firestone said they'd like to have photographs from one of the race cars, if possible, to show the action. So I got Paul Klein Smith, who had in 1958 I think it was he used to run every year in his special built Cadillac stripped down. And so he and I got together and we built two racks, one for the front of the camera, looking back, one from the back front of the car. I mean, looking back and went from the back of the car looking forward. That shows over his shoulder, shows the tachometer and the action of him with the steering wheel and the front wheels and how they operate.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332#t=2810.0,2854.0"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332/transcript/87438/annotation/77","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBOB FITZMORRIS:\u003c/strong\u003e Okay, we're looking We're looking now at this actual film that you shot. Yeah, we can see the action that is going on, and Howard, is this camera operated?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332#t=2854.0,2864.0"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332/transcript/87438/annotation/78","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBILL BOWERS:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, it was electrically controlled, and I had it switched on Paul's left hand, right, right close there, so he could turn it on and off. And so when he'd get into a good action spot, he'd turn it on. Well, after we made a couple of runs with the camera on the back, then we moved the camera to the rack on the front, and would shoot showing not he didn't care where he's going. He wanted to show where he'd been, and it shows the action and the dust and stuff off the back the car. It made a really interesting film, and even though it has no narration, which I wish it did, but those days we didn't have it. But I have a real nice note from Firestone saying they're very pleased for the results. It was fun to do that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332#t=2864.0,2916.0"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332/transcript/87438/annotation/79","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBOB FITZMORRIS:\u003c/strong\u003e A lot of good memories from that. Now let's take another place that you had mentioned, and that was the Fine Arts Center in Colorado Springs. And when did you start working there? And what were you","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332#t=2916.0,2930.0"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332/transcript/87438/annotation/80","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBILL BOWERS:\u003c/strong\u003e doing 1948 so this is my golden anniversary with the Fine Arts Center as soon well, in 1948 I got called in by the director that was Mitch Wilder at the time, he was the first director, and he wanted me to do some things for the Art Center. Well, I thought nothing of it. I used to go over there weekends and nights and things like that. When we had our studio, I'd shoot, then I'd go back studio and do the processing. Well, I didn't realize it had been 50 years until about three months ago, they brought some negatives up from the Taylor museum archives that I had taken in 1948 so I said, that solves it. That proves the point, yes. So I've been and then we closed the studio 15 years ago, and I've been with the art center and with Hewlett Packard with them. I mentioned 20 years with both of them, ever since. Well, Hewlett Packard, I equipped that about 12 years ago because it got you. They needed more complicated equipment then I didn't have it, and I just assumed somebody else did, when their colors started coming in. Anyway, yeah.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332#t=2930.0,3010.0"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332/transcript/87438/annotation/81","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBOB FITZMORRIS:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, Bill, I have in my hand a book, one of the many that you have done the work for. Done all the photography on them, showing this very interesting and hard to do photography of like flowers, like the pots, whatever the Fine Arts Center has here. Rather than trying to talk this out, let's take a few minutes here to look at some of these photographs and see some of Your work, of you took of other people's work. You","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332#t=3010.0,3104.0"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332/transcript/87438/annotation/82","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBOB FITZMORRIS:\u003c/strong\u003e Bill, I know that you and Louise were married for 69 wonderful years. Can you tell us about your family now, please?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332#t=3104.0,3112.0"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332/transcript/87438/annotation/83","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBILL BOWERS:\u003c/strong\u003e yes, I'd be very happy to I have two sons, one of them was aero aerospace engineer with Boeing for five years, and then with roar Corporation in San Diego for 32 years, and he retired two years ago. And the kick that he gets out of when anybody asks him, he says, Yeah, I'm retired, but dad's still working. My other son is the teaches at the University of Hawaii. Is a marine biologist. He teaches marine biology, anatomy and physiology, and he's due for retirement, but he he likes his classes so well, he doesn't want to quit until he has to. I have three grandchildren. The oldest one is a salesman in Long Beach in I think he's in the copying machine business. The middle one, a girl is she graduated from Western State last year, and she's in Hawaii now studying to be a psychologist, and the younger one is in Las Vegas, and they just dropped out of U of L V to take flying lessons. And he's, I think he's 20 now,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332#t=3112.0,3200.0"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332/transcript/87438/annotation/84","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBOB FITZMORRIS:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, Bill, at the beginning of this program, I told people that have a good time with this conversation with you now, thank you. I'd like to know some of your philosophy in this long, productive life of yours, what has kept you going and what things have really meant something to you.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332#t=3200.0,3223.0"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332/transcript/87438/annotation/85","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBILL BOWERS:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, I've always thought that keeping busy enjoying what you're doing, if you can, having a lot of friends, which I've always said, your friends are your wealth, because without a friend, you have nothing, and trying to keep active and keep healthy. I think one thing that's kept me going so long is climbing all those stairs at the Art Center every day. I kept a record one day or one month. Rather, my lowest day was 80 steps. That's just the up. My highest day was 385, steps. I average about 200 steps a day. And I think even though I work, work out a little bit, and the main thing is to look at every day, a day at a time, get as much out of it as you can and enjoy life as much as you can. And I have one other point, which I will not bring up at this point. I was advised against this, but you can use your own draw your own conclusions. So. Bill, I have two sons.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332#t=3223.0,3305.0"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332/transcript/87438/annotation/86","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBOB FITZMORRIS:\u003c/strong\u003e This has been a very interesting conversation that we've had here to go through your lifetime and all the accomplishments and all the things connected with you, but I think the thing that I enjoy most is just being able to know you. Thank you. This is one of the finest gentlemen you'll ever meet. So this is Bob Fitz Morris, saying thanks for being with us, and We'll see you later. You you.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332#t=3305.0,3342.0"}]},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332/transcript/87438","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["English [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2320/collection_resources/98182/file/195332/transcript/87438/annotation/87","type":"Annotation","motivation":"subtitling","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/087/438/original/transcript_1765390110.vtt20251210-2593616-3v4daf.vtt20251210-2593616-3v4daf?1765390110","format":"text/vtt","language":"en"},"target":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/087/438/original/transcript_1765390110.vtt20251210-2593616-3v4daf.vtt20251210-2593616-3v4daf?1765390110"}]}]}]}