{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/1j9765b96v/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["Dr. Larry Leslie Discusses Financial Aid Programs \nfor Mid-Income Students"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/038/original/university-libraries-logo-2x.png?1711560609","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Publisher"]},"value":{"en":["University of Arizona Libraries"]}},{"label":{"en":["Rights Statement"]},"value":{"en":["Copyright held by University of Arizona Libraries"]}},{"label":{"en":["Source"]},"value":{"en":["Accent: On University of Arizona, box 2, reel 25"]}},{"label":{"en":["Agent"]},"value":{"en":["Beach, Mort (interviewer)","Leslie, Larry L. (interviewee)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Date"]},"value":{"en":["3/15/1978"]}},{"label":{"en":["Coverage"]},"value":{"en":["Arizona--Tucson (spatial)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Language"]},"value":{"en":["English"]}},{"label":{"en":["Description"]},"value":{"en":["Program topics - Interview with Dr. Larry Leslie, University of Arizona Professor of Higher Education, who discusses financial aid programs.\u003cbr\u003efor mid-income students."]}},{"label":{"en":["Format"]},"value":{"en":["1/4 inch audio tape"]}},{"label":{"en":["Identifier"]},"value":{"en":["MS641.070 (uid)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Relation"]},"value":{"en":["Accent: On University of Arizona (part of)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Subject"]},"value":{"en":["University of Arizona"]}},{"label":{"en":["Type"]},"value":{"en":["Interviews"]}}],"summary":{"en":["Program topics - Interview with Dr. Larry Leslie, University of Arizona Professor of Higher Education, who discusses financial aid programs.\u003cbr\u003efor mid-income students."]},"requiredStatement":{"label":{"en":["Attribution"]},"value":{"en":["Copyright held by University of Arizona Libraries"]}},"provider":[{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/aboutus","type":"Agent","label":{"en":["University of Arizona Libraries"]},"homepage":[{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/","type":"Text","label":{"en":["University of Arizona Libraries"]},"format":"text/html"}],"logo":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/038/original/university-libraries-logo-2x.png?1711560609","type":"Image"}]}],"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/public/images/audio-default.png","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73834/file/159874","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 1 of 1 - azu_ms641-070_side1_a.mp3"]},"duration":497.03503,"width":640,"height":360,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/public/images/audio-default.png","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73834/file/159874/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73834/file/159874/content/1/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-arizona.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/159/874/original/azu_ms641-070_side1_a.mp3?1652809535","type":"Audio","format":"audio/mp3","duration":497.03503,"width":640,"height":360},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73834/file/159874","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73834/file/159874/transcript/37738","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["641-070 [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73834/file/159874/transcript/37738/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: This is accent on the University of Arizona, I'm Mork beach. The cost of attending college these days is becoming increasingly difficult for many students, especially those from middle income families. Our guest today Dr. Larry Leslie, a professor of higher education at the University of Arizona, recently testified before a congressional committee in support of assistance for this middle income group. Dr. Leslie, what's been happening on this issue since you testified before Congress,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73834/file/159874#t=6.0,35.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73834/file/159874/transcript/37738/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: there's been a tremendous amount of activity in the last two weeks more. First of all, the senate finance committee did report out a bill, a compromise bill in support of tax credits, the new bill will combine support for students attending college with students attending private elementary and secondary schools. And it appears quite certain that the Senate itself will vote favorably on this issue. The on the house representatives however, the issue isn't so clear. The Ways and Means Committee, which has responsibility for reporting this bill out has not yet taken action. And the house has never previously voted on a tax credit legislation, whereas the Senate has in four previous occasions, approved tax credit legislation. If this. If this measure gets bottled up, it will undoubtedly be in the Ways and Means Committee. And very interesting development occurred just before I was leaving for Washington, the Carter administration had previously been a very negative on any support for the middle class. But sensing that something was going to happen in the Congress, they decided that they better get their own program together, and therefore recommended instead of tax credits and expansion of need based student aid for the middle class. So that's the direction the administration is going certain congressional leaders are still in favor of tax credits.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73834/file/159874#t=36.0,124.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73834/file/159874/transcript/37738/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: Some of our listeners are probably wondering, what are the differences? Or what are the issues involved between the two programs? the Carter administration favors program of need basis, many congressional leaders favor a tax credit arrangement. Maybe you could clarify that for us.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73834/file/159874#t=125.0,136.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73834/file/159874/transcript/37738/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: Yes, I think this is an important, an important issue. There are important differences. Rather than just state what my opinions are, let me just put it in the form of what the advocates of each of these positions, say. First of all, on the tax credit side, those who argue for tax credits point out that the middle class really just wants a tax break. They don't want some camouflaged form of welfare. They, they think that they're paying too many taxes, and they're not interested in and paying higher taxes, and then having a government give some of their money back to them. They point out that tax credits avoids a larger bureaucratic structure, that under the Student Aid approach, as we expand student aid, the need to build a larger bureaucracy is is clear. But under tax credits, the government doesn't take your money, they don't they don't decide who's going to get it. And therefore there's money saved. And they point out, incidentally, along these lines, that the Carter plan for student aid really is very little different from a tax credit, because the President would give everyone be earning between 17,020 5000, about a $250 student aid amount. And they point out that that's really nothing much different than a tax credit, except that the money goes through the hands of the federal government. They go on to point out that the needs analyses really don't work very well for the middle class. And the reason is that needs analyses don't take into account differences between the middle class and the poor, in terms of their financial commitments, in terms of their financial obligations. The assumption underneath analyses is that everyone has the same spending habits, spending patterns. And as a result, the middle class don't wind up with much of any money under needs analyses. Further, they point out that for the middle class and Student Aid hasn't been very equitable. That is to say that the form of student aid that the middle class has been getting and is likely to continue to get his loans, whereas those from from poor backgrounds and get grants so that the middle class students who wind up at the end of four years with a large debt, whereas the poor wind up with a free college education, of course they don't, it's not all free, but that's their argument. And finally, they point out that even if we pass through the legislation, this doesn't assure that there will be money for student aid as often Then employ in the past to authorize legislation and then ever appropriate the money for it. Now on the Student Aid side, the advocates point out four things. First of all, they point out that if you give tax credits to parents, there's no assurance that the parents will give the money to their students to their, to their children, so that the students may never get the money. And therefore, we really haven't done anything for higher education expenses. Second, they the student aid, advocates argue that student aid targets on those who are in greatest need. That is to say that the government is able to determine from the needs analyses that are filed those students perhaps from very similar income, family incomes, that the one group has a greater need than the other so that a student from a 15,000 a year family might have quite different need from another student from the same income family. So that in the long run, this saves money, because it doesn't give you assistance to everyone. Third, they point out that what we need is a simpler tax code, not a more complicated one that would result from tax credits. And finally, they point out that student aid would aid the private institutions which are in in relatively difficult straits these days. Because that is the the aid would go to the private institutions more because under needs analyses, a student attending a higher cost institution benefits more in the the size of the grant is larger so that it's more sensitive to the needs of that student.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73834/file/159874#t=137.0,402.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73834/file/159874/transcript/37738/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: Do you foresee some kind of action on either of these proposals before the end of this congressional session?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73834/file/159874#t=403.0,407.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73834/file/159874/transcript/37738/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: I think there's there's very little doubt about that. Yes, I think we're going to have some legislation one way or the other. And I think the long and short of it is that the middle income group are going to get some help one way or the other. I think there's some difference in the two approaches, but fundamentally, each will get some assistance to the middle class.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73834/file/159874#t=408.0,426.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73834/file/159874/transcript/37738/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: Have you talked to any students about how they feel about these two different programs? Which one do they seem to favor?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73834/file/159874#t=427.0,431.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73834/file/159874/transcript/37738/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: Not long ago, I conducted a survey for a congressional Subcommittee on student reactions to to these measures. And students would prefer that tax credit approach providing that they get the money. They don't like to fill out forms. They are afraid that what they'll get as is a loan program and not","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73834/file/159874#t=432.0,453.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73834/file/159874/transcript/37738/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: student aid. You see some kind of aid for students then possibly within the next one to two school years.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73834/file/159874#t=454.0,460.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73834/file/159874/transcript/37738/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: Yes, I wouldn't be surprised for next year, as early as next year. The middle income students receive some support in some form.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73834/file/159874#t=461.0,469.999"},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73834/file/159874/transcript/37738/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNKNOWN SPEAKER: Factor. Leslie, thank you. I've been talking with Dr. Larry Leslie, a professor of higher education at the University of Arizona and this has been accent on the University of Arizona, I'm Mark beech.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73834/file/159874#t=470.0,472.0"}]},{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73834/file/159874/transcript/37738","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["English [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://arizona.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1953/collection_resources/73834/file/159874/transcript/37738/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"subtitling","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/037/738/original/azu_ms641-070_side1_a.vtt?1652809568","format":"text/vtt","language":"en"},"target":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/037/738/original/azu_ms641-070_side1_a.vtt?1652809568"}]}]}]}